Ultrasonic Circuits

On these pages, I will introduce the Ultrasonic Range Meter with PIC16F873. As for the range meter which doesn`t use PIC, refer to "Ultrasonic Range Meter". I created the PCB pattern for this circuit using EAGLE CAD...

C ircuit of a new type of remote control switch is described here. This circuit functions with inaudible (ultrasonic) sound. Sound of frequency up to 20 kHz is audible to human beings. The sound of frequency above 20 kHz is called ultrasonic sound. The circuit described generates (transmits) ultrasonic sound of frequency between 40 and 50 kHz. As with any other remote control system this cirucit too comprises a mini transmitter and a receiver circuit...

These ultrasonic circuits are all quite old: my notes date them at mid-70s so they don`t use ICs. Nevertheless there are several places where an op-amp would possibly simplify things. Despite their age I hope they are of interest: certainly basic principles don`t change. This transmitter is designed to work with the next circuit as a remote control transmitter/receiver. It is only a single channel and you could once get multi-channel chips for the whole job. However ultrasonics have fallen out of favour commercially so I think most of these chips are now obsolete...

The sensor is derivated from Mike Gasperi`s Almost Ultrasonic Motion Sensor . We added a forth amplifier-stage. The sensor is equipped with the cheapest crystal microphone. For each ear there are two audio-amplifier stages. The signal passes the diode D7. The positive peak charges C3 which is then discharged through R10 (the time constant T=RC=0,470E-6*1E5=0,047 sec). The peak-level is amplified and passed to the RCX through the 4th op-amp. The sensor has to be calibrated at R1. The RCX raw-values: +/-10-90...

This is a very basic infrared detector/emitter circuit. One major downside of this circuit, is that ambient infrared light will interfere with its detecting obstacles...

These ultrasonic circuits are all quite old: my notes date them at mid-70s so they don`t use ICs. Nevertheless there are several places where an op-amp would possibly simplify things. Despite their age I hope they are of interest: certainly basic principles don`t change...

Use this circuit to test if the light coming from your 40khz IR emitter is really emitting the right frequency. The schematic says to use a GP1U5X ir module, but probably any 40khz detector module will work.. I used a GP1U26X module...

You face a serious problem in using a slow ADC with a fast peak detector. The circuit in Figure 1 allows a slow ADC to measure a fast, sampled signal peak. The 100-MHz peak detector for ultrasonic-pulse sampling uses a fast MAX4231 amplifier from Maxim (www.maxim-ic.com). This amplifier has a shutdown feature that facilitates power savings without losing the sampled information. When the circuit samples a peak with a low-TTL-control input, the output of the peak-detector amplifier shuts off, and the output amplifier switches on to measure the output signal...

This is an image Schematic. No Description available...