Electronic potentiometer using a standard CMOS logic and analog multiplexers. Pot have low distortion (0.005% less at 1 V rms) and is it easy for beginers to Understanding. In the beginning the art Hi-Fi when in the absence of high-quality potentiometers for volume control using resistive divider, the various stages of the change lever mnohapolohovým switch. Figure 1 is the electronic equivalent of such a volume control. Instead I used a mechanical switch CMOS analog multiplexers. EN signal is collected by either a multiplexer, and so we have 16 steps.
Click here to download the full size of the above Circuit.
Click here to download the full size of the above Image.
It might seem preferable to use instead of the two circuits 4051 a 16-channel multiplexer 4067, but that I was at the time of the potentiometer (around 1988) is unavailable. Even today, the two circuits 4051 are substantially cheaper than a 4067th The resistive divider is calculated so that the steps between levels are about 4 dB. Member highlights C2R4 C1R3 height and a member of the bass at low volumes - implements the so-called physiological regulation. Follower operational amplifier provides high input impedance potentiometer divider of the excitation source with a defined impedance. Load resistance of the potentiometer should be at least 100 Ohm. Originally, the potentiometer control microcontroller 8748th The IC is now obsolete and does not make sense for him to specify the program. More experienced designers can program a PIC or Atmel. For those who do not have to program a positive relationship is shown in Figure 2 control potentiometer circuit of ordinary logic IC. Circuit 4516 is a bidirectional binary counter. When you press each button to generate a clock pulse when pressing "Down" in addition to the small time changes counting direction. AND gate controlled by signal transmission (CYO) zablohuje counting on reaching a maximum, respectively. lows. Counter overflow and, therefore, begins to count again. AND gate can be replaced by two NAND gates as shown. Last open gate circuit 4093 can serve as an inverter for...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
characters left: