Dynamic Microphone Preamp PCB


Posted on Feb 7, 2014

This is a 3 stage discrete amplifier with gain control. Alternative transistors such as BC109C, BC548, BC549, BC549C may be used with little change in performance. The first stage built around Q1 operates in common base configuration. This is unusable in audio stages, but in this case, it allows Q1 to operate at low noise levels and improves overa


Dynamic Microphone Preamp PCB
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ll signal to noise ratio. Q2 and Q3 form a direct coupled amplifier, similar to my earlier mic preamp. As the signal from a dynamic microphone is low typically much less than 10mV, then there is little to be gained by setting the collector voltage voltage of Q1 to half the supply voltage. In power amplifiers, biasing to half the supply voltage allows for maximum voltage swing, and highest overload margin, but where input levels are low, any value in the linear part of the operating characteristics will suffice. Here Q1 operates with a collector voltage of 2. 4V and a low collector current of around 200uA. This low collector current ensures low noise performance and also raises the input impedance of the stage to around 400 ohms. This is a good match for any dynamic microphone having an impedance`s between 200 and 600 ohms. The output impedance at Q3 is low, the graph of input and output impedance versus frequency is shown below: The overall gain of this pre-amplifier is around +39dB or about 90 times. The first stage Q1 has a gain of roughly Rc / Re or 4. 7. This is however reduced by feeding into the input impedance of Q2 and Q3, and the shunt formed by the 47k preset. The amplifier formed with Q2 and Q3 has a gain of roughly Rc / Re as Q3 is an emitter follower and has unity gain. The gain of Q2 and Q3 is roughly 10 / 0. 47 = 21 and overall gain therefore 4. 7 x 21 = 98. The gain of the circuit may be reduced to 0 by the...




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