The inverter chops the 12 Volt DC Battery voltage into a square wave voltage of 50 cycles per second and duty cycle of 25%, transformed by transformer Tr1 to 230 Volt rms. IC1 forms the oscillator with 100 cycles per second (120 cycles per second for 60 cycles output). Frequency is determined by C1 and the resistors R4 and R5. Resistor R6 determin
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s the time of the flyback of the oscillator and affects likewise the frequency. In addition, R6 affects the rms of the output voltage, which must be considered if necessary, if the circuit shall be used for other frequencies. 60 cycles per second can be achieved by alignment, higher frequencies require changes in the frequency-determining parts. For high stability of frequency, special attention must be spent on condenser C1. Ceramic capacitors are not usefull, due to their high sensitivity on temperature. Most foil condensers may keep the frequency quite constant, even against strong temperature variations. IC2 determines the pulse width and thus rms of the output voltage. The regulater consists of transistor T1, which receives its signal from the diodes D4 and D5, taken from the primary tranformer coil. The regulator adjusts the output voltage by changing the pulse width. It prevents also rising of rms on inductive or capacitive load. The characteristics of regulation can be adapted by changing D4 (important on 24 Volts applications!). Lower voltage level of D4 results in "softer" regulation, i. e. an reduction of the proportional factor. Against earlier versions of the inverter, IC 8 now will be switched directly by the oscillator signal, thus avoiding errors by unexpected oscillations of the PWM-IC 2. Here the alternate allocation of the impulses for both transistor lines, i. e. for the positive and the negative half...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
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This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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