Light Laser LED Circuits
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Applying voltage to the circuit triggers SCR1. With SCRl on, the voltage on the anode of SCR2 rises until SCR2 triggers to commu-tate SCRl. The voltage on the gate of SCRl will swing negative at this time, and only after a positive potential of 0 volt is.... -
The circuit is designed to operate at 25 kHz. The data stream turns the 2N4401 hard on or off depending upon the coded state. This in turn switches the series infrared LEDs on and off. The receiver circuit consists of a three stage amplifier with photo.... -
This circuit provides a means of detecting the presence of anything by the reflection of infra-red light and provides a direct digital output of object detection. By the use of modulation and high power bursts of infra-red at a very low duty cycle, a.... -
The simple modulator stage will accommodate most common LEDs. By adjusting the potentiometer, the bias of the transistor is varied until the LED is at its half output point. Then, audio will cause it to vary above and below this point.. -
This circuit shows a 555 with its trigger and threshold inputs connected together used to energize a relay when the light level on a photoconductive cell falls below a preset value.. -
R2 sets the circuit"s threshold. When the light intensity at PCI"s surface is decreased, the resistance of PCI a cadmium-sulfide photo-resistor is increased. This decreases the voltage at the inverting input of the 741. When the reference voltage at the.... -
When the light incident on the LASCR is interrupted, the voltage at the anode to the 2N4990 unilateral switch goes positive on the next positive cycle of the power which in turn triggers the switch and the C230 SCR when the switching voltage of the.... -
The basic circuit can be operated at 80 kHz and is limited by the PUT capacitor combination. 60 kHz is the maximum modulation frequency. The pulse repetition rate is a linear function of Vin, the modulating voltage. Lenses or reflectors minimizes stray light.... -
The two lamp-dimmer circuits differ in that (a) employs a single-time-constant trigger network and (b) uses a double-time-constant trigger circuit that reduces hysteresis effects and thereby extends the effective range of the light-control potentiometer..... -
The circuit uses the primary current of a small 6 volt filament transformer to actuate a triac and energize the load. When switch Si, in the six-volt secondary, of the transformer is open, a small "magnetizing" current flows through the primary winding. This.... -
Two simple arrangementsfor resistive loads are shown in A & B. The circuit in A will provide load power when the actuating contact is closed, and no power when the contact is open. B provides the reverse of this action-power being supplied to the load when.... -
This lighting-control unit will fade out one lamp while simultaneously increasing the light output of another. The two loads track each other accurately without adjustments. The gate of SCRl, a silicon-controlied rectifier, is driven from a standard.... -
When setting up photographic floodlamps, it is sometimes desirable to operate the lamps at lower power levels until actually ready to take the photograph. The circuit allows the lamps to operate on half cycle power when the switch is open, and full power,.... -
This circuit enables a single SCR to provide fullwave control of resistive loads. Resistor R3 should be chosen so that when potentiometer R2 is at its minimum setting, the current in the load is at the required minimum level.. -
The system is designed to regulate an 860 watt lamp load from half to full power. This is achieved by the controlled-half-plus-fixed-half-wave phase control method. Half power applied to an incandescent lamp results in 30% of the full light output.. -
This circuit changes the average value of the dc supply voltage because of the high switching frequency. The tungsten lamp will have an almost continuous adjustable light output between 0 and 100%.. -
The 5AH will trigger when the voltage across the two 0 juF capacitors reaches the breakdown voltage of the lamp. Control can be obtained full off to 95% of the half wave RMS output voltage.. -
This simple circuit providers battery operated emergency lighting instantaneously upon failure of the regular ac service. When line power is restored, the emergency light turns off and the battery recharges automatically. The circuit is ideal for use in.... -
An input signal of less than 1 mA and 1V is required to switch on CS1. As long as this input -signal is maintained, CS1 will conduct during each positive half cycle of anode voltage, thereby energizing load LI with half-wave rectified dc. L2 remains.... -
The shift pulse amplitude is less than 15 volts. If a stage is off, the shift pulse will not be coupled to the next stage. If it is on, the diode will conduct and trigger the next stage. Just prior to the shift pulse the anode supply is interrupted to tum.... -
This circuit uses a low-input-bias op amp to give a steady dc indication of light level. To reduce circuit sensitivity to light, Rl can be reduced, but should not be less than 100 K.. -
The meter reading is directlyjproportiona! to the logarithm of the input light power. The logarithmic circuit behavior arises from the nonlineardiode pnjunction current/voltage relationship.. -
Use a pair of Maxim"s 5V-powered MAX231 RS-232C transmitters as drivers to obtain a 2-color LED. The transmitters require only a singleended, 5-V input to generate ± 10 V internally. Their outputs are short-circuit-proof and can supply as much as 10.... -
This counter uses a four-digit display, but with a flip of the range switch, it can display frequencies from 1 to 40 MHz, with a resolution of 100Hz. The MM74C926 CMOS IC contains a four-digit decimal counter that can latch a given count and then use this.... -
The circuit consists of ICM7208 seven-decade counter U1, ICM7207A oscillator controller U2, and CA3130 biFET op amp U3. IC U1 counts input signals, decodes them to 7-segment format, and outputs signals that are used to drive a 7-digit display. IC U2.... -
This CMOS circuit can be used as a 1-shot time delay switch and general-purpose timer. The circuit consists of a gated oscillator and a latch made from one CD4001 quad 2-input NOR gate as shown and a CD4020 14-stage counter. TON is a function of the.... -
This circuit can be used to measure frequencies up to 40 MHz. To obtain the correct measured value, it is necessary to divide the oscillator frequency and the input frequency by four. .. -
By using the preamplifier with a short length of shielded cable and clip leads, signals that generally could not generate a readout, generate precise and stable readouts on the counter. The DPDT switch is used to bypass the circuit when amplification is.... -
The output of the CA3179 is fed through the Dl!Q1 circuit. Those components serve to boost the 1-V output of the CA3179 to a standard TTL level. Then, depending on the position of range switch S2b, the signal is passed directly to the 7216, or through the.... -
An alternate LED driver which uses the 74F3040 line driver was incorporated in this particular application example. The 74F3040.has a higher current rating, but not the variable threshold capabilities at the NE522. The LED diode is operated in the.... -
This receiver uses the NE5212, the Signetics 10116 ECL line receiver, and the Phillips/Amperex BPF31 pin diode. The circuit is a capacitor-coupled receiver and utilizes positive feedback in the last stage to provide the hysteresis. The amount of hysteresis.... -
The pull-up transistor of the totem-pole output is used-to turn on the LED and the pull-down transistor is used to turn ·off the LED. The lower impedance and higher current handling capability of the saturated pull-down transistor is used as an effective....
New Circuits
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This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of.... -
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is.... -
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to.... -
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This.... -
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the.... -
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,.... -
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the.... -
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power.... -
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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