New Circuits Page 31
- Page 31
-
This circuit provide automatic current limiting up to 8. 4A. Unlike current limiter that uses only a resistor, this current limiting circuit doesn`t drop the voltage, or at least keep the voltage drop at minimum, until a certain current amount is exceeded.....
-
-
In order to make the circuit work, it is important to set the fuse bits inside the AVR micro controller correctly. Theses fuse bits can be set with the programmer that is used to flash the software. For those that are interested to understand the background,....
-
A prototype model of Agriculture Based Robot . Till recently the farmers were using age-old instruments in cultivating their lands. They themselves were putting the manuallabor. Hence there was thelabor problem. Farmer`s facing this type oflaborshortage.....
-
Dynamic microphone uses a moving coil around magnetic field to convert mechanical movement into electrical signal. The ordinary mini speaker is turned into a....
-
This is a simple two transistor lamp flasher circuit, which can be used to flash 6 volt lamp. The circuit is so small and can be easily fitted in a small box. The circuit is using two transistor one is NPN BC549 and the other is PNP BC556. The input voltage....
-
This is one of the common circuit blocks being used both in digital and analog electronics. Its output is dependent on the relationship of its two input pins. One of the inputs is set to give the reference voltage while the other one is commonly connected to....
-
-
The input range of the USB-DUX sigma board (+/-1. 35V) matches perfectly the output voltage range of the LM35. GND is available on many pins on the HD connector (check out the pinout ) so that you can choose the ones which are easiest to solder to. R5 should....
-
The diagram shows a rather simple voltage stabilizer design which can hold huge output power in the order of 5 to 10KVA. The use of SSR or solid state relays makes the output stage easy to configure and very accurate - thanks to the modern SSRs which are....
-
This is a similar circuit to the above and provides a 4 LED bar graph indicating the voltage of a common 3.6 volt Lithium - Ion recharable cell phone battery. The reference voltage is provided by a TL431 programmable voltage source which is set to 3.9 volts....
-
-
-
-
The 7MHz CW transceiver made with MC3362P. I made a 7MHz CW transceiver by using the IC for the narrow band FM double super receiving circuit, MC3362P. I intended to make a transceiver for 10MHz band in the beginning. But, I was worried by the neighboring....
-
24v DC is a very popular voltage used in industrial settings. The circuit below was designed to accept four different 24v DC alarm input signals, which are then used to drive a single low power beeper. The beeper is a magnetic type with its own....
-
This 12 VDC to 240 VAC Inverter circuit are not using special components such as the torodial transformer found in many inverters circuit....
-
Class D amplifiers are much more efficient than other Classical amplifiers, but their high efficiency comes at the expense of increased noise and distortion. You can assess the frequency- and Time-domain characteristics of a Class D amplifier, including the....
-
This circuit reproduces the starting light sequence currently used by FISA for Formula One racing. It could be used with slot car sets (such as HO scale AFX/Life Like/Tyco sets) or radio controlled cars. IC1, a 555 timer IC, is used as a clock pulse....
-
The HandyBoard drives both pads at the positive supply of the battery. When one of the motor is supposed to turn, the handyboard drives the appropriate pin at 0V. The difference between two pads makes the motor turn. The Transistors are TIP 120 and TIP 125....
-
This is the circuit diagram for each individual channel; Note: I replaced the 0. 1 uF timing capacitor with a 100 pF capacitor for better operation, with the 0. 1 uF capacitor in place, the fans would growl when turned down to slower speeds and the 100 pF....
-
There is increasing interest in using PC and Workstation platforms in reactive sound synthesis and processing applications. However, few operating systems were designed to deliver real-time performance and vendors generally don`t guarantee or even specify....
-
Fig a shows a multivibrator circuit which can generate square wave signal; Figure b is a flip-flop circuit which uses the under edge of the input signal to generate a trigger pulse signal. Figure c is a monostable circuit which can be used for waveform....
-
In the 555 datasheet they have a pulse width modulation circuit similar to this with the only difference being that they have pin 5 labelled as `audio ....
-
I recently bought The Energy Detective (TED), a pretty inexpensive and friendly way to keep tabs on your whole house s electricity usage. It s a lot like having a more featureful version of your utility company s power meter, sitting on your kitchen counter.....
-
The generator embodies an integrator as a ramp generator and a threshold detector with hysterisis as a reset circuit. The integrator has been described in a previous section and requires no further explanation. The threshold detector is similar to a Schmitt....
-
Many analog ohm meters have non linear scale, so the resolution become worse at higher resistance value. This because they use cheap current source, only a...
-
Most dimmers use pulse width modulation (PWM) to control the amount of power that is delivered to the lamp. Those that come bundled with a switch faceplate control the firing angle of a Triac on the 240V mains side. These work fine with resistive loads but....
-
-
The 555 timer will put out positive pulses. The pulse width is inversely proportional to the difference in voltage between the voltage at "ANALOG IN" and the voltage of the 4. 7uF capacitor(let`s say 2. 5 volts). To calibrate this circuit, hook it up to a....
-
Having wired the camera with external shutter leads I now needed a way to trip them. They needed to be tripped (i. e. connected together via a relay) at a regular interval, perhaps 2 seconds, starting at launch. I had read that a 555 timer chip configured as....
-
-
The remote control robot circuit is as shown in the figure. The figure 2-36(a) is the circuit diagram, the figure 2-36(b) is the operating timing diagram. The rotation process of the rebot is: in the circuit, the ultrasonic launching circuit is composed of....
-
FETs can be found in the power section, LCD inverter, UPS, Amplifier, Monitor B+ and S-correction circuit, ATX power supplies and etc. When this component fails, one has to use a meter to test it to check if it is good, shorted, openor leaky. The meters can....
-
-
The Clapp oscillator is one of several types of electronic oscillator constructed from a transistor (or vacuum tube) and a positive feedback network, . Meissner (Armstrong) Oscillator The Meissner oscillator circuit is a harmonic (sinusoidal) oscillator....
-
-
This 555 timer circuit below toggles a relay when a button is pressed. Pins 2 and 6, the threshold and trigger inputs, are held at 1/2 the supply voltage by the two 10K resistors. When the output is high, the capacitor charges through the 100K resistor, and....
-
The hardware schematic for the wooden menace (robotic arm) is fairly straight forward. The PIC microcontroller has one control line feeding to each servo and it also connects to the RJ45 connecter. The RJ45 connector is used for getting input from the....
-
-
Water Tank Level Indicator Circuit Diagram Simple, two-wire, remote monitoring unit,Three-LED level display, 9V battery powered Circuit....
-
Measure current on a constant current source(LM317), because I am using a 3v3 chip I also need a voltage divider to read it. Will this circuit work Or will it wreak havoc trying to increase voltage to drive current over the voltage dividers..
-
A larger version of the circuit diagram by clicking here. The circuit was drawn using Eagle from CadSoft, a schematic and PCB layout package that is free to use for small non-commercial projects. The heart of the keyer is the PIC16F877A chip. This is a 20MHz....
-
Hi! I have a 4 switches that I`m goin to connect to a USB joystick board. The USB board has +5V and ground connections, and emulate a button press on....
-
-
-
The top channel is my signal to the gate of a mosfet. The mosfet is driving a tank circuit that contains a large coil wrapped on ferrite with a 5uF capacitor. Thecoil is large enough that the frequency is near 100Hz. The bottom channel shows the positive....
-
-
This is Circuit MOSQUITO REPELLANT. By High Frequency Sound. Use a electronics part ,easy to find and low cost. To See Circuit, have IC 555, 4017,....
-
The output of this circuit should be fed into a high-impedance load, say >100K, remembering that the impedance of C4 is around 3K. A PNP transistor can also be used, with the necessary changes to the supply voltage. An op-amp can also be used, connected as....
-
The circuit of the Celsius thermometer in the diagram is based on the well-known Type LM334 from National Semiconductor. This IC is a sensor that provides a current which is directly proportional to the temperature in kelvin (K). Unfortunately, this is a....
-
The purpose of this project was to develop a stepper motor driver for 2-phase unipolar stepper motors that has built in current control. The eventual target project for this driver is for my CNC milling machine that I am currently planning out. This needs a....
-
This simple circuit uses a 741 op-amp in differential mode as a continuity tester. The voltage difference between the non-inverting and inverting inputs is amplified by the full open loop gain of the op-amp. Ignore the 470k and the 10k control for the....
-
There are situations in home automation applications where you would like to measure the level of some body of water (e. g. pool, pond). The 1-Wire network makes it easy to interface sensors to a PC or simple controller. Some experimenters use a string of....
-
After some years i started using the NMS8280 again for HAM radio purpose. When sending a signal in the air, radio amateurs should always identify by giving their callsign, this is also the case for sending a video signal. I wrote a program using the WBASS....
-
Understanding how quartz-crystal resonators operate can lead to designing crystal oscillators with improved stability and better noise performance....
-
Sometimes you want everything in the program to stop while a given condition is true. You can do this using a while loop. This example shows how to use a while loop to calibrate the value of an analog sensor. In the main loop, the sketch below reads the....
-
Phase-locked loop is very common in telecommunication, control, and other electronic application. PLL can be used to demodulate FM signal, produce a stable...
-
A very good 1 watt fm transmitter circuit, very easy to build circuit. It has 4 transistors, one is a very stable oscillator, followed by a buffer stage to prevent frequency variation when you adjust the transmitter. Next is a resonance stage and the final....
-
Licensing This file is copyrighted. The individual who uploaded this work and first used it in Licensing This file is copyrighted. The individual who uploaded this work and first used it in Licensing This file is copyrighted. The individual who uploaded....
-
It can`t be 0 volts, since the current does not freely move around, due to the resistor; resulting in one side being more negatively charged, and the other more positively charged, since the electrons can move faster to an end of the battery than through the....
-
The CF8223A is a FSK (Frequency shift keying) decoder and DTMF (Dual Tone multi-frequency) receiver IC. It is fabricated using a CMOS process and features a power-down function for low power dissipation opera- tion. The FSK decoder and DTMF receiver have the....
-
It would be convenient to use momentary contact push button switch to turn ON and turn OFF your Raspberry Pi (RPi). A press of button should apply power to micro USB header, and keep it ON while Raspberry Pi initializes and starts its application....
-
The transmitter offers a optical link (infrared) for headphones. Three infrared leds (ir) are polirised by T1 current, P1 is used to adjust the current level. Current consumption of this headphones infrared transmitter is about 60mA at 9V....
-
LED`s lining the headliner, and have them fade in when the door is opened, fade out when the door is closed. I think it should be simple. from what i gather i`m going to need: i don`t really know. basically i need to know what circuits will be necessary to....
-
It says that D1 compensates for D2`s forward drop by providing 0. 6V of bias. Is the +5V an external 5v source How does it compensate The R1, R3 and D1 basically creates a 0. 6V bias on the other side of the capacitor, so that a positive swing in the signal....
-
-
This is a project I did during my B. E course. I always wanted to control my lights and other appliances in my room remotely while I`m somewhere else. Many a times I forget to switch off the fan or AC in my room and then I have to go back and switch it off.....
-
Probe/contacts may use a non-reactive metal. Gold or silver plated contacts from an old relay May be Used, however a cheap alternative is to wire alternate copper strips from a piece of veroboard. These will eventually oxidize over but as very little current....
-
This is a Mini MW (Medium Wave) Transmitter circuit. This circuit consist of combination of transistors SA103 and SA101. Those transistors is used as oscillator...
-
This antenna selector circuit diagram uses PIN diodes which eliminate disadvantages of mechanical switches (especially at high frequency current) PIN diodes can be used which are ideal for this purpose. Resistance diodes such changes linearly in a wide range....
-
I have been looking for information on how to install factory HIDs into an Evo that did not come with HID or fog lights to no avail. Here is something ....
-
This project came about due to my interest in a new form of radio transmission called DRM, which stands for Digital Radio Mondial....
-
This achievement shows that it is possible to create a balanced dynamic microphone preamp, it is relatively simple. This preamp is particularly suitable for microphones with an output impedance of 200 ohms to 600 ohms. The advantage of the preamplifier. ..
-
In this project we`re going to use use two wires, in this project, we use one red and the other blue, which serve as the touch sensor wires. When a person touches both wires, the circuit is then closed and current runs through the circuit and lights the LED.....
-
This diy digital thermometer circuit can measure temperatures up to 150 °C with an accuracy of ±1 °C. The temperature is read on a 1V full scale-deflection (FSD) moving-coil voltmeter or digital voltmeter. Operational amplifier IC 741 (IC3) provides a....
-
The reception of 2 metre signals is generally with a converter and short wave receiver, preferably of communications type. The latter will have sensitivity and selectivity better than average. With such an arrangement of equipment, the 144MHz or other VHF....
-
-
-
-
I used a main part and 2N3055 Transister and IC TL072 for pulse oscillator generator. The output have voltage +50V and -50V at 2A to 3A. You must is used this....
-
Pinout of Smart card (Sim card) to PC adapter cable (sim reader/writer) schematic and layout of 6 pin Simcard special connector and 9 pin D-SUB female connectorused to to connect computers to ISO 7816 compatible chip card systems (e.g. GSM mobile phones or....
-
In the circuit, 60 individual LEDs are used to indicate the minutes of a clock and 12 LEDs indicate hours. The power supply and time base circuitry is the same as described in the 28 LED clock circuit above. The minutes section of the clock is comprised of....
-
First you will have to use a opamp like ne5532, than calculate the frequency you want on each block(on block for flat, one for bass and one for high), don`t forget to put a buffer on the first stage, you can use trimpots or fixed resistor and some bottons to....
-
Consider the need to vary two voltages, V1 and V2, by an equal percentage of their ranges (V1MAX - V1MIN) and (V2MAX - V2MIN), with V1MAX, V1MIN, V2MAX, and V2MIN independent of each other. The first idea that comes to mind is to use ganged potentiometers....
-
An Astable Multivibrator is a switching circuit which switches its output on and off for a designed time period. This article also describes about its working. An Astable Multivibrator or a free running oscillator circuit is generally used to generate square....
-
This ion detector circuit detects static charges and free ions in the air. This ion detector circuit can be used for detecting presence of free ions, static electricity or high voltage leakage. Antenna used in this project is a short whip antenna and the R3....
-
A simple telephone transmitter circuit that is ideal for transmitting the telephone conversation through small distances. The circuit is very simple and uses only few components. The entire circuit can be easily included in the telephone itself or in the....
-
LEDs simply react a lot faster than conventional bulbs Light dimmers for common bulb based lighting have been around for ages. The most common implementation of such....
-
This simple circuit can start small (15W or less) fluorescent tubes such as those used in PC board exposure and EPROM ultraviolet erasure boxes. As you can see, the tube`s filament heaters are not used. Instead, ignition is provided by a voltage tripler....
-
Install your fresh mod board into your FDS drive mechanism. You need to cut two traces and solder 8 wires to various points on the board. If you have installed a console modchip before, this step should be a piece of cake. Since the Famicom uses 1980s....
-
Flight Computer V1. 0: B1 PC Board U1 80C32 microprocessor U2 27C256-12 32Kx8 ROM - 120nS "V2. 1" U3 74HC373 U4 LM340T-5 5v regulator (might be a 7805 part) U5 43256-15 32Kx8 RAM - 150nS U6 74HC00 T1-T4 2N6045 or 2N6044 darlington output transistors Y1 11MHz....
-
MOSFETs cannot always just be connected to the drive signal and be expected to work properly. Due to the construction of the MOSFET, driving it is not the simplest of tasks, especially for beginners. There are many users who regularly ask for help on MOSFET....
-
A listener standing some distance from a sound source will perceive sound that is actually a combination of direct sound and indirect sound that has been reflected from the boundaries of the listening area. The reflections are referred to as reverberation.....
-
The 0-to 130-V voltmeter and neon "AC PWR" lamp provide an average indication of the ac power. The fuse and metal oxide varistor(MOV)protect the monitor against overvoltage spikes. Four 1N4004 diodes rectify the ac voltage, generating negative-going pulses....
-
When the resistance value of a temperature, light, pressure,? or any other resistive sensors? Rs drops below a certain point? (adjusted by a preset...
-
With Switch S1 you can change direction (Up/Down), Pot1 is for the clock speed and the Led D1 is only an indicator for the clock speed. ....
-
The bi-directional sequencer uses a 4 bit binary up/down counter (CD4516) and two "1 of 8 line decoders"74HC138 or 74HCT138) to generate the popular "Night Rider" display. A Schmitt Trigger oscillator provides the clock signal for the counter and the rate....
-
AVC - The featured circuit controls a volume line automatically. It delivers an output voltage of approximately 4 volts peak to peak. This voltage remains....
-
Here is the circuit diagram of simple and easy subwoofer filter which will be operated from a 12V DC supply. Such a circuit is incredibly helpful in Car subwoofer applications. The circuit is nothing however a low pass filter whose pass frequency will be....
-
-
This FM broadcast rf amplifier is built with 2SC2539 which is a silicon NPN epitaxal planar type transistor designed for RF power amplifiers in VHF band mo....
-
This circuit provide automatic current limiting up to 8. 4A. Unlike current limiter that uses only a resistor, this current limiting circuit doesn`t drop the voltage, or at least keep the voltage drop at minimum, until a certain current amount is exceeded.....
In order to make the circuit work, it is important to set the fuse bits inside the AVR micro controller correctly. Theses fuse bits can be set with the programmer that is used to flash the software. For those that are interested to understand the background,....
A prototype model of Agriculture Based Robot . Till recently the farmers were using age-old instruments in cultivating their lands. They themselves were putting the manuallabor. Hence there was thelabor problem. Farmer`s facing this type oflaborshortage.....
Dynamic microphone uses a moving coil around magnetic field to convert mechanical movement into electrical signal. The ordinary mini speaker is turned into a....
This is a simple two transistor lamp flasher circuit, which can be used to flash 6 volt lamp. The circuit is so small and can be easily fitted in a small box. The circuit is using two transistor one is NPN BC549 and the other is PNP BC556. The input voltage....
This is one of the common circuit blocks being used both in digital and analog electronics. Its output is dependent on the relationship of its two input pins. One of the inputs is set to give the reference voltage while the other one is commonly connected to....
The input range of the USB-DUX sigma board (+/-1. 35V) matches perfectly the output voltage range of the LM35. GND is available on many pins on the HD connector (check out the pinout ) so that you can choose the ones which are easiest to solder to. R5 should....
The diagram shows a rather simple voltage stabilizer design which can hold huge output power in the order of 5 to 10KVA. The use of SSR or solid state relays makes the output stage easy to configure and very accurate - thanks to the modern SSRs which are....
This is a similar circuit to the above and provides a 4 LED bar graph indicating the voltage of a common 3.6 volt Lithium - Ion recharable cell phone battery. The reference voltage is provided by a TL431 programmable voltage source which is set to 3.9 volts....
The 7MHz CW transceiver made with MC3362P. I made a 7MHz CW transceiver by using the IC for the narrow band FM double super receiving circuit, MC3362P. I intended to make a transceiver for 10MHz band in the beginning. But, I was worried by the neighboring....
24v DC is a very popular voltage used in industrial settings. The circuit below was designed to accept four different 24v DC alarm input signals, which are then used to drive a single low power beeper. The beeper is a magnetic type with its own....
This 12 VDC to 240 VAC Inverter circuit are not using special components such as the torodial transformer found in many inverters circuit....
Class D amplifiers are much more efficient than other Classical amplifiers, but their high efficiency comes at the expense of increased noise and distortion. You can assess the frequency- and Time-domain characteristics of a Class D amplifier, including the....
This circuit reproduces the starting light sequence currently used by FISA for Formula One racing. It could be used with slot car sets (such as HO scale AFX/Life Like/Tyco sets) or radio controlled cars. IC1, a 555 timer IC, is used as a clock pulse....
The HandyBoard drives both pads at the positive supply of the battery. When one of the motor is supposed to turn, the handyboard drives the appropriate pin at 0V. The difference between two pads makes the motor turn. The Transistors are TIP 120 and TIP 125....
This is the circuit diagram for each individual channel; Note: I replaced the 0. 1 uF timing capacitor with a 100 pF capacitor for better operation, with the 0. 1 uF capacitor in place, the fans would growl when turned down to slower speeds and the 100 pF....
There is increasing interest in using PC and Workstation platforms in reactive sound synthesis and processing applications. However, few operating systems were designed to deliver real-time performance and vendors generally don`t guarantee or even specify....
Fig a shows a multivibrator circuit which can generate square wave signal; Figure b is a flip-flop circuit which uses the under edge of the input signal to generate a trigger pulse signal. Figure c is a monostable circuit which can be used for waveform....
In the 555 datasheet they have a pulse width modulation circuit similar to this with the only difference being that they have pin 5 labelled as `audio ....
I recently bought The Energy Detective (TED), a pretty inexpensive and friendly way to keep tabs on your whole house s electricity usage. It s a lot like having a more featureful version of your utility company s power meter, sitting on your kitchen counter.....
The generator embodies an integrator as a ramp generator and a threshold detector with hysterisis as a reset circuit. The integrator has been described in a previous section and requires no further explanation. The threshold detector is similar to a Schmitt....
Many analog ohm meters have non linear scale, so the resolution become worse at higher resistance value. This because they use cheap current source, only a...
Most dimmers use pulse width modulation (PWM) to control the amount of power that is delivered to the lamp. Those that come bundled with a switch faceplate control the firing angle of a Triac on the 240V mains side. These work fine with resistive loads but....
The 555 timer will put out positive pulses. The pulse width is inversely proportional to the difference in voltage between the voltage at "ANALOG IN" and the voltage of the 4. 7uF capacitor(let`s say 2. 5 volts). To calibrate this circuit, hook it up to a....
Having wired the camera with external shutter leads I now needed a way to trip them. They needed to be tripped (i. e. connected together via a relay) at a regular interval, perhaps 2 seconds, starting at launch. I had read that a 555 timer chip configured as....
The remote control robot circuit is as shown in the figure. The figure 2-36(a) is the circuit diagram, the figure 2-36(b) is the operating timing diagram. The rotation process of the rebot is: in the circuit, the ultrasonic launching circuit is composed of....
FETs can be found in the power section, LCD inverter, UPS, Amplifier, Monitor B+ and S-correction circuit, ATX power supplies and etc. When this component fails, one has to use a meter to test it to check if it is good, shorted, openor leaky. The meters can....
The Clapp oscillator is one of several types of electronic oscillator constructed from a transistor (or vacuum tube) and a positive feedback network, . Meissner (Armstrong) Oscillator The Meissner oscillator circuit is a harmonic (sinusoidal) oscillator....
This 555 timer circuit below toggles a relay when a button is pressed. Pins 2 and 6, the threshold and trigger inputs, are held at 1/2 the supply voltage by the two 10K resistors. When the output is high, the capacitor charges through the 100K resistor, and....
The hardware schematic for the wooden menace (robotic arm) is fairly straight forward. The PIC microcontroller has one control line feeding to each servo and it also connects to the RJ45 connecter. The RJ45 connector is used for getting input from the....
Water Tank Level Indicator Circuit Diagram Simple, two-wire, remote monitoring unit,Three-LED level display, 9V battery powered Circuit....
Measure current on a constant current source(LM317), because I am using a 3v3 chip I also need a voltage divider to read it. Will this circuit work Or will it wreak havoc trying to increase voltage to drive current over the voltage dividers..
A larger version of the circuit diagram by clicking here. The circuit was drawn using Eagle from CadSoft, a schematic and PCB layout package that is free to use for small non-commercial projects. The heart of the keyer is the PIC16F877A chip. This is a 20MHz....
Hi! I have a 4 switches that I`m goin to connect to a USB joystick board. The USB board has +5V and ground connections, and emulate a button press on....
The top channel is my signal to the gate of a mosfet. The mosfet is driving a tank circuit that contains a large coil wrapped on ferrite with a 5uF capacitor. Thecoil is large enough that the frequency is near 100Hz. The bottom channel shows the positive....
This is Circuit MOSQUITO REPELLANT. By High Frequency Sound. Use a electronics part ,easy to find and low cost. To See Circuit, have IC 555, 4017,....
The output of this circuit should be fed into a high-impedance load, say >100K, remembering that the impedance of C4 is around 3K. A PNP transistor can also be used, with the necessary changes to the supply voltage. An op-amp can also be used, connected as....
The circuit of the Celsius thermometer in the diagram is based on the well-known Type LM334 from National Semiconductor. This IC is a sensor that provides a current which is directly proportional to the temperature in kelvin (K). Unfortunately, this is a....
The purpose of this project was to develop a stepper motor driver for 2-phase unipolar stepper motors that has built in current control. The eventual target project for this driver is for my CNC milling machine that I am currently planning out. This needs a....
This simple circuit uses a 741 op-amp in differential mode as a continuity tester. The voltage difference between the non-inverting and inverting inputs is amplified by the full open loop gain of the op-amp. Ignore the 470k and the 10k control for the....
There are situations in home automation applications where you would like to measure the level of some body of water (e. g. pool, pond). The 1-Wire network makes it easy to interface sensors to a PC or simple controller. Some experimenters use a string of....
After some years i started using the NMS8280 again for HAM radio purpose. When sending a signal in the air, radio amateurs should always identify by giving their callsign, this is also the case for sending a video signal. I wrote a program using the WBASS....
Understanding how quartz-crystal resonators operate can lead to designing crystal oscillators with improved stability and better noise performance....
Sometimes you want everything in the program to stop while a given condition is true. You can do this using a while loop. This example shows how to use a while loop to calibrate the value of an analog sensor. In the main loop, the sketch below reads the....
Phase-locked loop is very common in telecommunication, control, and other electronic application. PLL can be used to demodulate FM signal, produce a stable...
A very good 1 watt fm transmitter circuit, very easy to build circuit. It has 4 transistors, one is a very stable oscillator, followed by a buffer stage to prevent frequency variation when you adjust the transmitter. Next is a resonance stage and the final....
Licensing This file is copyrighted. The individual who uploaded this work and first used it in Licensing This file is copyrighted. The individual who uploaded this work and first used it in Licensing This file is copyrighted. The individual who uploaded....
It can`t be 0 volts, since the current does not freely move around, due to the resistor; resulting in one side being more negatively charged, and the other more positively charged, since the electrons can move faster to an end of the battery than through the....
The CF8223A is a FSK (Frequency shift keying) decoder and DTMF (Dual Tone multi-frequency) receiver IC. It is fabricated using a CMOS process and features a power-down function for low power dissipation opera- tion. The FSK decoder and DTMF receiver have the....
It would be convenient to use momentary contact push button switch to turn ON and turn OFF your Raspberry Pi (RPi). A press of button should apply power to micro USB header, and keep it ON while Raspberry Pi initializes and starts its application....
The transmitter offers a optical link (infrared) for headphones. Three infrared leds (ir) are polirised by T1 current, P1 is used to adjust the current level. Current consumption of this headphones infrared transmitter is about 60mA at 9V....
LED`s lining the headliner, and have them fade in when the door is opened, fade out when the door is closed. I think it should be simple. from what i gather i`m going to need: i don`t really know. basically i need to know what circuits will be necessary to....
It says that D1 compensates for D2`s forward drop by providing 0. 6V of bias. Is the +5V an external 5v source How does it compensate The R1, R3 and D1 basically creates a 0. 6V bias on the other side of the capacitor, so that a positive swing in the signal....
This is a project I did during my B. E course. I always wanted to control my lights and other appliances in my room remotely while I`m somewhere else. Many a times I forget to switch off the fan or AC in my room and then I have to go back and switch it off.....
Probe/contacts may use a non-reactive metal. Gold or silver plated contacts from an old relay May be Used, however a cheap alternative is to wire alternate copper strips from a piece of veroboard. These will eventually oxidize over but as very little current....
This is a Mini MW (Medium Wave) Transmitter circuit. This circuit consist of combination of transistors SA103 and SA101. Those transistors is used as oscillator...
This antenna selector circuit diagram uses PIN diodes which eliminate disadvantages of mechanical switches (especially at high frequency current) PIN diodes can be used which are ideal for this purpose. Resistance diodes such changes linearly in a wide range....
I have been looking for information on how to install factory HIDs into an Evo that did not come with HID or fog lights to no avail. Here is something ....
This project came about due to my interest in a new form of radio transmission called DRM, which stands for Digital Radio Mondial....
This achievement shows that it is possible to create a balanced dynamic microphone preamp, it is relatively simple. This preamp is particularly suitable for microphones with an output impedance of 200 ohms to 600 ohms. The advantage of the preamplifier. ..
In this project we`re going to use use two wires, in this project, we use one red and the other blue, which serve as the touch sensor wires. When a person touches both wires, the circuit is then closed and current runs through the circuit and lights the LED.....
This diy digital thermometer circuit can measure temperatures up to 150 °C with an accuracy of ±1 °C. The temperature is read on a 1V full scale-deflection (FSD) moving-coil voltmeter or digital voltmeter. Operational amplifier IC 741 (IC3) provides a....
The reception of 2 metre signals is generally with a converter and short wave receiver, preferably of communications type. The latter will have sensitivity and selectivity better than average. With such an arrangement of equipment, the 144MHz or other VHF....
I used a main part and 2N3055 Transister and IC TL072 for pulse oscillator generator. The output have voltage +50V and -50V at 2A to 3A. You must is used this....
Pinout of Smart card (Sim card) to PC adapter cable (sim reader/writer) schematic and layout of 6 pin Simcard special connector and 9 pin D-SUB female connectorused to to connect computers to ISO 7816 compatible chip card systems (e.g. GSM mobile phones or....
In the circuit, 60 individual LEDs are used to indicate the minutes of a clock and 12 LEDs indicate hours. The power supply and time base circuitry is the same as described in the 28 LED clock circuit above. The minutes section of the clock is comprised of....
First you will have to use a opamp like ne5532, than calculate the frequency you want on each block(on block for flat, one for bass and one for high), don`t forget to put a buffer on the first stage, you can use trimpots or fixed resistor and some bottons to....
Consider the need to vary two voltages, V1 and V2, by an equal percentage of their ranges (V1MAX - V1MIN) and (V2MAX - V2MIN), with V1MAX, V1MIN, V2MAX, and V2MIN independent of each other. The first idea that comes to mind is to use ganged potentiometers....
An Astable Multivibrator is a switching circuit which switches its output on and off for a designed time period. This article also describes about its working. An Astable Multivibrator or a free running oscillator circuit is generally used to generate square....
This ion detector circuit detects static charges and free ions in the air. This ion detector circuit can be used for detecting presence of free ions, static electricity or high voltage leakage. Antenna used in this project is a short whip antenna and the R3....
A simple telephone transmitter circuit that is ideal for transmitting the telephone conversation through small distances. The circuit is very simple and uses only few components. The entire circuit can be easily included in the telephone itself or in the....
LEDs simply react a lot faster than conventional bulbs Light dimmers for common bulb based lighting have been around for ages. The most common implementation of such....
This simple circuit can start small (15W or less) fluorescent tubes such as those used in PC board exposure and EPROM ultraviolet erasure boxes. As you can see, the tube`s filament heaters are not used. Instead, ignition is provided by a voltage tripler....
Install your fresh mod board into your FDS drive mechanism. You need to cut two traces and solder 8 wires to various points on the board. If you have installed a console modchip before, this step should be a piece of cake. Since the Famicom uses 1980s....
Flight Computer V1. 0: B1 PC Board U1 80C32 microprocessor U2 27C256-12 32Kx8 ROM - 120nS "V2. 1" U3 74HC373 U4 LM340T-5 5v regulator (might be a 7805 part) U5 43256-15 32Kx8 RAM - 150nS U6 74HC00 T1-T4 2N6045 or 2N6044 darlington output transistors Y1 11MHz....
MOSFETs cannot always just be connected to the drive signal and be expected to work properly. Due to the construction of the MOSFET, driving it is not the simplest of tasks, especially for beginners. There are many users who regularly ask for help on MOSFET....
A listener standing some distance from a sound source will perceive sound that is actually a combination of direct sound and indirect sound that has been reflected from the boundaries of the listening area. The reflections are referred to as reverberation.....
The 0-to 130-V voltmeter and neon "AC PWR" lamp provide an average indication of the ac power. The fuse and metal oxide varistor(MOV)protect the monitor against overvoltage spikes. Four 1N4004 diodes rectify the ac voltage, generating negative-going pulses....
When the resistance value of a temperature, light, pressure,? or any other resistive sensors? Rs drops below a certain point? (adjusted by a preset...
With Switch S1 you can change direction (Up/Down), Pot1 is for the clock speed and the Led D1 is only an indicator for the clock speed. ....
The bi-directional sequencer uses a 4 bit binary up/down counter (CD4516) and two "1 of 8 line decoders"74HC138 or 74HCT138) to generate the popular "Night Rider" display. A Schmitt Trigger oscillator provides the clock signal for the counter and the rate....
AVC - The featured circuit controls a volume line automatically. It delivers an output voltage of approximately 4 volts peak to peak. This voltage remains....
Here is the circuit diagram of simple and easy subwoofer filter which will be operated from a 12V DC supply. Such a circuit is incredibly helpful in Car subwoofer applications. The circuit is nothing however a low pass filter whose pass frequency will be....
This FM broadcast rf amplifier is built with 2SC2539 which is a silicon NPN epitaxal planar type transistor designed for RF power amplifiers in VHF band mo....
