The discrete-gate up/down-counter desigo has the unusual property of freezing, or saturating, when it reaches its lowest count in the down-count mode or its highest count in the count-up mode instead of rolling over and resetting as do most counters. This property proves especial!y useful in position-control systems. For example, you wouldn"t want a robot"s arm to slowly move to full extension as the counter counts up and then have it suddenly slam back to its rest.....
This Circuit is based on the UM5100 which can record speech into a digital memory and then play it back. The device is designed to be used directly with static RAM's up to 256K bits, or with EPROM 's or ROM's for playback only. High quality voice reproduction is possible and note that it is not a "computer voice", it is the original speaker's voice played back. The bit rate is adjustable from 10kbs to 28kbs with higher quality at faster bit rates...
This circuit is particularly applicable to digitally-controlled systems in robotic and X-Y positioning applications. By functioning from the 5-V logic supply, it eliminates additional motor-drive supplies. The tachless feedback saves additional space and cost. The circuit senses the motor"s back EMF to determine its speed. The difference between the speed and a set point is used to close a sampled loop around the motor. Al generates a pulse train. ..
An infrared LED and a phototransistor are used for each eye. Half of a 556 timer IC (ICl-a) functions as an as table multivibrator oscillating at a frequency of about 1 kHz. That IC drives transistor Ql which in turn drives the two infrared LED's, LED1 and LED2. The right eye is composed of LED1 and Q2. If an obstacle appears in front of the right eye, pulses from LED1 are reflected by the obstacle and detected by Q2. The signal from Q2 is amplified by Q3, which triggers.....
The circuit is light seeking; it will follow a flashlight around a darkened room. A pair of photocells determine the direction in which the robot will move. Each photocell is connected to an op amp configured as a comparator. When sufficient light falls on photocell R2, the voltage at the inverting input (pin 6) of ICl-a will fall below the voltage at the non-inverting input (pin 5), so the output of the comparator will go high, and transistors Ql and Q2 will turn on. That.....
A simple, permanent-magnet dc motor is an essential element in a variety of products, such as toys, servo mechanisms, valve actuators, robots, and automotive electronics. In many of these applications, the motor must rotate in a given direction until the mechanism reaches the end of travel, at which point the motor must automatically stop. Although you can use microswitches to stop the motor at the end of travel, their size, weight, and cost can be prohibitive,.....
Physical motion of some form helps differentiate a robot from a computer. It would be nice if a motor could be attached directly to a chip that controlled the movement. But, most chips can`t pass enough current or voltage to spin a motor. Also, motors tend to be electrically noisy (spikes) and can slam power back into the control lines when the motor direction or speed is changed. Specialized circuits (motor drivers) have been developed to supply motors with power and.....
Since you can only use motors and coils with this circuit robots built with this circuit are mainly mechanical such as my artistic butterflies. One other common use is a little thing called a symet which can roam around and not get stuck using only one motor. The solar cell starts charging the capacitor and the voltage rises. As soon as the capacitor reaches around 2.7v the 1381 turns pin 1 high and turns the 3904 ON. When the 3904 turns on it brings the base of the 3906.....
The two basic parts for working with IR are the emitter and the detector. The emitter is typically an LED that emits near-infrared light. A typical wavelength is 880nm, which is just beyond the human eyes ability to see. Many suppliers, new and surplus, can provide you with sources of LED emitters. A typical IR detection system will use two emitters. By controlling when the emitters are active, the detection system can determine simple directional information: Left, Right,.....
Well the most common use is in a solaroller which is a small wheeled car that charges up and then moves in a quick burst of speed. Since you can only use motors and coils with this circuit robots built with this circuit are mainly mechanical such as my artistic butterflies. One other common use is a little thing called a symet which can roam around and not get stuck using only one motor...
I found this circuit in my files. I don`t know where it came from, but it looks like I photocopied it from somewhere years ago. I have been told that it came from "The Robot Builder`s Bonanza", by Gordan McComb. Anyway, I thought that it should be fairly useful, so I decided to post it here. The circuit is very simple and inexpensive. This is good thing because most commercial stepper motor controller ICs are quite expensive. This circuit is built from standard components.....
After reading the Mobile Robots Book, written by Joseph L. Jones and Anita M. Flynn, and get the Interactive-C file from ftp://cher.media.mit.edu, I found a very nice S19 downloader written by Randy Sargent. I started to download the pcode to my HC-11 board, and run Interactive C. No problem with my board, it works very nice. Then I got the idea for the Buffalo monitor, to use Randy`s Downloader writes the S19 file of the Buffalo with special boothrap mode...
The layout using a BX-24 is almost the same as with a PIC and looks like the picture below (click for larger picture and comments). Read the source code for the BX-24 and study the picture and you should see how it all hooks up to the hex inverter and the SN754410...
Robot Beacon is a rotating light. We have called it Robot Beacon as it has been designed as an addition for a robot, but it can be used for many applications. It can be used as a mast-head beacon on a boat or as an "all-round" warning light on a bike. Robot Beacon uses a PIC12C508A OTP (One Time Programmable) 8-pin microcontroller...
this tone generator can be used to control your robot. you will need to use the tone decoder for this. to widen the range, higher or lower - substitute a higher, or lower valued capacitor for c1. for frequencies about 5khz and 15khz, use a piezoelectric element as the speaker. Use a miniature speaker for frequencies under 5khz, and use an ultrasonic transducer for frequencies over 30khz...
Bugdozer is an autonomous mini-Sumo robot. Her main board consists of a MC68HC908GP32 microcontroller along with input/output support chips, a voltage regulator, a crystal oscillator, and the usual assortment of resistors, capacitors, and switches. All chips are socket mounted. I`m not experienced at soldering, so soldering the sockets avoided damage that could have resulted from soldering the chips directly. Also, if a chip becomes damaged in battle, it can be replaced.....
We hold the "first rights" to the presentation of this approach and the best part is: "It's FREE!" The PIC12C508A is one of the most amazing devices but because it does not come in a low-cost re-programmable form, it has never been presented in a "designers article." It is a one-time programmable device (OTP) and once it is programmed, it cannot be re-programmed. To develop with this chip is not an economical decision as it may take 30 to 100 modifications before you.....
The NanoVM is a java virtual machine for the Atmel AVR ATmega8 CPU, the member of the AVR CPU family used e.g. in the DLR Asuro robot, manufactured by AREXX engineering. With the NanoVM, the Asuro can be programmed in the popular Java language using the standard Sun JDK. The NanoVM and its tools are distributed under the GPL and can be used on other AVR based systems as well. Some AVRs like e.g. the ATmega8 that comes with the Asuro are delivered preprogrammed to the user......
Occasionally, a system needs several digitally programmable voltage-output channels. Such output channels typically provide the control for robot positioning, industrial processes, and even home automation...
By using two 8-bit ADC channels for the same signal, the technique in Figure 1 can accommodate both conditions. One channel, which the controller uses for fast motion, reads the input directly and adds four 0 LSBs for a 12-bit result. The second channel reads the signal amplified by 16 with four 0 MSBs. The amplification gives this channel the resolution necessary for small-error signals while the robot is traveling a nearly straight line...
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