Precise, adjustable control of beats per minute from a largo of 18 to a frenzied, high presto of 500, These beats are produced acoustically through a speaker. A light flashes at the same rate. When SW1 is closed, CI begins to charge through Rl and R2. Cl will eventually reach a voltage at which the emitter of unijunction transistor is switched on, "dumping" the energy stored in Cl into an 8 ohm speaker. To produce a distinct "plop", brief pulses across T2 secondary drive.....
A 6 V battery can provide 100-150 Vdc center-tapped at a high internal impedance (not dangerous though it can inflict an unpleasant jolt). A 6.3 V transformer is connected ' 'in reverse'' with a transistor used in a Hartley oscillator configuration. The frequency of operation may be controlled by varying the value of the 10 ohm resistor. ..
A TL081 op amp is used as a high impedance to low. converter and a signal mixer. The input impedance is about 1 megohm and the output impedance is about 1 kohm. Two 9 volt batteries are used as power source. ..
Bridge circuit contains two resistors lOO-ohm (R3 and R4), and two thermistors (Tl and T2). At room temperature, the resistance of T1 and 1'2 is about 2000 ohms. When they are each heated to 150 ° C by an RNA 10 current, the resistance value decreases to 100 ohms. So. the four elements include a bridge circuit. CO is a characteristic that conducts heat from a thermistor at a rate different from that of air. A thermistor, TI, is exposed to automobile exhaust, while the.....
A variable oscillator covers 3.2 to 22 MHz in two bands—providing coverage of 80 through 15 meters plus most crystal-filter frequencies. Optional 455 kHz and 10.7 MHz crystal oscillators can be switched on-line for precise if alignment. Generator output is on the order of 4 volts p-p into a 500 ohm load...
A 555 timer IC, operating in the one-shot mode, is triggered by light striking photoresistors. These normally have a resistance of several megohms but, in the presence of light, that resistance drops to several hundred ohms, permitting current from the six-volt source to flow in the circuit. The R-C combination shown gives an on-time of about two minutes. Photoresistors PC3 and PC4 are mounted at heatlight-height. When headlights illuminate the photoresistor, the timer.....
An audio signal applied to VI is passed through the operational amplifier 741, U2. After being amplified, the output signal V2 is sampled and applied to a negative voltage doubler / rectifier circuit composed of diodes CRI and CR2, with the capacitor C1. The resulting negative voltage is used as a control voltage which is applied to the door] 2N5485 FET Q1. Capacitor C2 and resistor R2 form a filter for smoothing the voltage rectified audio control. The lFET is connected.....
The circuit is quick and easy to put together and install, and tells you when battery voltage falls below the set limit as established by Rl (a 10,000-ohm potentiometer). It can indicate, via LED 1, that the battery may be defective or in need of change if operating the starter causes the battery voltage to drop belciw the present limit. ..
In these applications, a pulse input at % is differentiated by a C-R network and the negative-going edge at pin 6 causes the input comparator to trigger the timer circuit. Just as with a V-to-F converter, the average current flowing out of pin 1 is IaverAGE = i (1.1 RjC^ f. In this simple circuit, this current is filtered in the network RL = 100 k ohm and 1 µF. ..
The circuit is basically a NE555 monostable, the only major difference being its method of triggering. The trigger input is biased to a high value by the 22 ohm resistor. When the contact plates are touched, the skin resistance of the operator will lower the overall impedance from pin 2 to ground. This action will reduce the voltage at the trigger input to below the 16 Vcc trigger threshold and the timer will start. ..
This analog switch uses the 2N4860 JFET for its 25 ohm ron and low leakage. The LM102 serves as a voltage buffer. This circuit can be adapted to a dual trace oscilloscope chopper..
The circuit will display curves on a scope, contingent on the state of the diode. To ' 'calibrate,'' substitute a 1000-ohm resistor for the diode and adjust the scope gains for a 45-degree line. ..
This circuit is for low voltage applications requiring high power outputs. Output power levels of LO W into 4 ohm from 6 V and 3 V into 8 ohm from 12 V are typical. Coupling capacitors are not necessary since the output dc levels will-be within a few tenths of a volt of each other..
The ultra-simple one-transistor, IR transmitter shown is designed to transmit the sound from any 8 or 16 ohm audio source, such as a TV, radio, or tape recorder on an infrared beam of light. ..
The 50 k ohm pot trims offsets in the devices whether internal or external, so it can be used to set the size of the difference interval. This also makes it useful for liquid-level detection. ..
To provide good signal-to-noise ratio, this four channel mixer amplifier controls the signal levels after the amplifiers, and then mixes them to offer a combined output. The circuit works with any 50 ohm to 50 K dynamic microphone but not with crystal or ceramic mikes because the IC input impedance is low..
For use with headphones, this circuit sets the audio clipping level via a 5-KOhmhm pot. This type of noise cli..
This variable-frequency, audio bandpass filter is built around two 741 op amps that are connected in cascade. Two 741 op amps are configured as identical RC active filters and are connected in cascade for better selectivity. The filter`s tuning range is from 500~Hz to 1500 Hz. The overall voltage gain is slightly greater than 1 and the filter`s is about 5, The circuit can handle input signals of 4 V peak-to-peak without being overdriven. The circuit`s input impedance is.....
The pitch of the tone is dependent upon the resistance under test. The tester will respond to resistance of hundreds of kilohms, yet it is possible to distinguish differences of just a few tens of ohms in low-resistance circuits. Ql and Q2 form a multivibrator, the frequency of which is influenced by the resistance between the test points. ..
LDR1, a cadmium sulphide (CDS) photoresistive cell is used as the lower leg of a voltage divider between Vcc and ground. The timer terminals 2 and 6 are connected to the junction of the photocell and SENSITIVITY control Rl. The resistance of the photoresistive cell varies inversely as the light intensity; resistance is high when the illumination level is low; low in bright light. (The Radio Shack CDS cell 276-116 has a typically wide resistance range—about 3 megohms.....
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