By making Rt variable it is possible to alter the operating frequency over a 100 to 1 range..
The simple diode network can stabilize the voltage supplied to CMOS circuitry from a battery. D1 and D2 must have a c..
Using the bilateral properties of a balanced mixer this transvertcr will produce 6-m output with 2-m inputs. Y1 is a 90-MHz crystal. Note that the input on 2 m is 143 to 144 MHz for 53 to 54-MHz output. This avoids possibility of extraneous 2-m reception during receive periods...
Ql and Q2 constitute a simple, high-speed FET input buffer. Ql functions as a source follower, with the Q2 current source load setting the drain-source channel current. The LT1010 buffer provides output drive capability for cables or whatever load is required. Normally, this open-loop configuration would be quite drifty because there is no de feedback. The LTC1052 contributes this function to stabilize the circuit. It does this by comparing the filtered circuit output.....
A circuit for multiplying the width of incoming pulses by a factor greater or less than unity is simple to build and has the feature that the multiplying factor can be selected by adjusting one potentiometer only. The multiplying factor is determined by setting the potentiometer in the feedback of a 741 amplifier. The input pulses of width r and repetition period is used to trigger a sawtooth generator at its rising edges to produce the waveform e2 having a peak value of.....
This is a simple headphone amplifier. You can use any NPN transistor...
The very simple circuit uses only two CD4001 packages, i.e., eight NOR gates and operates in the following way: Pulse streams are fed to an RS flip flop generating an output waveform wliich has a small or large duty cycle depending on the direction of rotation, The same input pulses are also fed to a NOR gate, which adds the two pulse trains. The rising edges of this waveform are used to produce short positive pulses from the circuit consisting of Rl, CI, D3, and a NOR.....
This relatively simple, inexpensive circuit requiring one trimming operation can multiply or divide with a consistentaccuracy of greater than 1 part in 1,000. An inexpensive CMOS version of standard 555 timer chip T, in conjunction with low-drift LMll error amplifier A3, an inexpensive analog chopper switch SW, form a unique voltage-to-duty-cycle converter to produce the difficult transfer function necessary for accurate conversion. ..
This simple circuit can color the sound coming from your audio system. Clocking for the circuit is provided by an oscillator built from one quarter of a 4093 quad NAND Schmitt trigger. With the component values shown, it will run at about 5 Hz. The clock frequency is fed to the gain control, pin 8, of an LM386 amplifier. Tremolo is produced by varying the amplifier gain. A trimmer potentiometer can be put in series with R1, to easily experiment with different.....
Although theIR region is free from radio interference, it is subject to interference from incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, stray reflections, and other sources. A simple way to overcome that problem is to create a carrier by chopping the IR radiation at a rate of 100 kHz. The audio then modulates the carrier by modulating the chopping rate. A receiver then detects the IR beam as a 100-kHz FM signal. ..
Have you ever wondered how many different colors can illuminate a LED? One, two or maybe three? Constructing this simple circuit, you will find it much more. The key component in this design is a dual LED. One such accessory includes two inside the 'slices' of different diode LED, that each of them produces a different color (usually green and red). For the drive requires three pins, a common cathode and two separate roots. In this way each of the two integrated diodes can.....
Two simple circuits permit Nicad charging of a battery based on temperature differences between t..
This circuit gives multiple "stop-action" photographic effects like showing a bouncing ball in up to nine locations in a single photograph. The circuit will automatically fire the bulbs sequentially with the time between each firing variable. The circuit is functionally complete except for the actual firing system. In many cases, a simple SCR will work, as shown. The firing can be initiated in one of two ways..
A simple single-transistor circuit will give approximately 15 dB boost or cut at 100 Hz and 15 kHz respectively. A low noise audio type transistor is used, and the output can be fed directly into any existing amplifier volume control to which the tone control is to be fitted..
It`s common knowledge that when working with single-supply op amps, implementing simple functions in a bipolar signal environment can be difficult. Sometimes additional op amps and other electronic components are required. Taking that into consideration, can any advantage be attained from this mode The answer lies in this simple circuit (A). Requiring no diodes, the circuit is a high-precision full-wave rectifier with a liigli-frequency limitation equalling that of the op.....
Using a capacitor sensor to detect a water level is a simple method of sensing. This circuit uses C5, which..
This circuit provides a simple, low-cost crosshatch generator tor convergence and geometry adJUStments on color TVs. The generator is driven by two clocks, one for the horizontal drive, IC1ab, and one for the vertical drive, IC2ab. The clock outputs are applied to the two binary counters contained in IC5 which generate the line and field sync pulses and respective blanking periods. Line clock pulses, buffered by IC1c, are differentiated by C3/R5 to produce the vertical.....
This has a stable trigger 100 m V sensitivity at 50 MHz. The FETs comprise a simple high-speed buffer and the LT1016 compares the buffer"s output to the potential at tbe trigger level potentiometer, which can be of either polarity. The 10-KO resistor provides hysteresis, eliminating "chattering"" caused by noisy input signals. ..
Many devices operate from a car"s 12-V electrical system. Some require 12 V; others require some lesser voltage. An automobile battery"s output can vary from 12 to 13.8 V under normal circumstances. The load requirements of the device might vary. This circuit maintains a constant voltage regardless of how those factors change. Simple circuit, A, uses a 7805 voltage regulator. ..
You can use that circuit to drive a relay of 12 V with a trigering signal of 5V. It uses 2 diodes 1N4002, 1 transistor 2N3904 and two resistors...
Operational Amplifiers
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