The following is a copy of an article posted by Wilf Rigter to the original BEAM email list and as such represent an important historical and technical reference The NuStepper is a circuit designed by Wilf Rigter, using a 74AC86 quad X-OR chip to make four Neural Neurons configured in a ring. The circuit behaves much like a microcore and can be
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used to drive a bipolar stepper motor The NuCore was described in my earlier post and has now been renamed as the NuRING. Like the Nv Microcore, the NuRING is made from a number (ie 4) of process nodes connected in a ring. It uses a single capacitor and resistor with a gain stage for each node but as an integrator instead of a differentiator. Think of it as a "relaxed" neuron ! First of all, any linear devices like AC240 or AC245 work well as gain elements for (>1 Nu ) NuRING circuits. As long as the sign of all inversions in the NuRING is negative, it can made from any combination of inverting or non inverting elements. The process pattern in linear NuRINGs is just as robust as the Schmitt trigger NuRING S and the voltage swing at the Nu bias point of NuRING S >2 Nu approaches rail to rail. I had previously used the Nv Microcore circuit to generate a "wave" step sequence for unipolar and bipolar type stepper motors and I realized that the NuRING Grey Code " phase " and " phase to phase " output patterns were identical to 1/2 step sequences for both types of stepper motors. I tested this idea with a small bipolar stepper motor of the type used for head positioning in a 3. 5 inch FD. In order to use Nv Core circuits to drive steppers, you must use output buffering for feedback isolation because the Nervous neuron is sensitive to motor transients which in large quantities could cause process modulation, instability and...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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