For one thing the Krohn-Hite 5100A VCO takes Zero to -17 VDC to drive the VCO output frequency. But the O-Scope X-axis wants 0 to +5. 7 volts to have the X-axis represent increasing frequency to the right. So, the O-Scope frame had to float to get -Volts into the KH 5100A and use same signal to get +Volts into the O-scope. Too confusing for a quick
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ie hookup. To facilitate easier setup, the above Spectrum Stalker box is under construction. This box will create 0 to +5. 7 VDC triangle and saw tooth voltage waveforms to drive the O-Scope X-axis. Internal Op-amps provide offset and gain to make the O-Scope X-axis Grid calibrated in frequency. In addition, the sweep range can be bracketed via HI & LO-LIMIT front panel knobs to display any portion of the frequency range. The KH Model 5100A Generator VCO has a response that may be in the 10`s of Hertz range so too high a VCO slew rate will cause the resonance bloom to shift from the correct frequency (x-position) on the O-Scope CRT. The Spectrum Stalker internal oscillator will sweep the O-Scope x-axis from a couple Hz to about 30 Hz. In the triangle mode, the resonance bloom will be seen with advancing and declining VCO drive volts. If the VCO output frequency is not tracking fast enough, the spectrum `bloom` will be seen to shift left and right. The higher the scan rate, the more the shift. The HI-LIMIT and LO_LIMIT knobs will permit bracketing the `resonance bloom` to increase repetitive scan rate while using slower VCO slew rate. This trick can minimize phase shift of the apparent resonance position for increasing versus decreasing VCO frequency. Saw-tooth waveform will also cause shift of the apparent spectrum, but just in one direction which makes a better picture. May have to do a O-Scope Z-axis blanking during...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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