One crude method for distance measuring is by using an ultrasonic transducer. the principle is that u send a burst of ultrasonic wave in the direction of the object and it is reflected back to the ultrasonic receiver. by measuring the time delay from transmission to reception, u can measure fairly accurately the distance of the object. the drawbacks are: note that u get a ultrasonic pair
Click here to download the full size of the above Circuit.
with a defined centre frequency (usually just above the audio range i. e between 30khZ and 45khz). and u may have to create the frequency using the AVR. please post the method/principle involved (if possible) because the principle of measuring propagation time of the signal is definitely ruled out as the IR signal travels at the speed of light which is too fast for even for the fastest uC to respond to. e. g. for the signal to travel a distance of say 30cm, the IR signal would take roughly 1nanosecond. If u have any doubts on their working, search for the appropriate topic on the forum ( where ur doubts ma have been raised by some other member and the solution already suggested) and if ur doubts are still not cleared, post it on the forum on the appropriate section by starting a new thread. the pinout of utrasonic transducers and their specifications vary with the manufacturer and should be provided by the vendor/manufacturer along with the sensor itself. So when u enquire about the sensor pair, be sure to get the specifications of the sensor. I myself had done a project on ultrasonic distance measuring/object counting and used a ultrasonic transducer pair operating at 33khz interfaced to a 8085 uP(8051 core uCs were a rarity in those days as the technology itself had just entered the indian market at that time! the only manufacturer was intel with the 80c31 and the 87c51 series. ). Had purchased it in mumbai itself from a...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
characters left: