Beam-break Detector For Camera Shutter or Flash Control

Description: This circuit serves as an alternative to the infrared (IR) beam break detector featured in the June 2009 issue of Silicon Chip. To enhance its insensitivity to ambient light, it employs a standard IR receiver integrated circuit (IC), such as the Jaycar ZD-1942. This IC provides a high output (+5V) whenever a modulated beam is detected. The IR detector (IC3) activates a LM7555 CMOS timer (IC2) operating in monostable mode. Upon interruption of the beam, IC2 is triggered, and its output at pin 3 goes high for approximately half a second. This action deactivates LED1 and activates transistor Q1 to control a 5V low-power relay. The circuit is powered by six AA batteries and a 78L05 5V voltage regulator, which is essential for the operation of the receiver IC. The IR transmitter is also based on an LM7555 (IC1), functioning in astable mode with a low duty cycle. Its frequency is adjustable to 38kHz using trimpot VR1. The IR diode used in the transmitter can be salvaged from an old remote control or purchased new. The transmitter is powered by four AA batteries. The system has a detection range of several meters and is designed to be insensitive to transmitter alignment. However, the detection window can be narrowed by positioning the detector closer to the object to be detected or by employing a baffle to limit the detection area.

This infrared beam break detection circuit is designed for applications where reliable object detection is required while minimizing the influence of ambient light. The choice of the Jaycar ZD-1942 IR receiver IC is significant due to its capability to maintain a high output signal in the presence of modulated IR light, which is essential for effective operation in various lighting conditions.

The LM7555 timer IC (IC2) operates in monostable mode, meaning it produces a single pulse output when triggered. This feature is particularly useful for applications where a brief response is needed, such as turning off an LED or activating a relay. The timing interval can be fine-tuned to suit specific requirements, allowing flexibility in the duration that the relay remains activated after the beam is interrupted.

The circuit’s power supply, utilizing six AA batteries and a 78L05 voltage regulator, ensures a stable 5V output necessary for the operation of the receiver and timer ICs. The use of a low-power relay allows for controlling higher power loads without significant power drain from the batteries, making the circuit suitable for battery-operated applications.

The transmitter circuit, also based on the LM7555, operates in astable mode, generating a continuous square wave output at a frequency set to 38kHz. This frequency is commonly used in IR remote control systems, ensuring compatibility with a wide range of IR receivers. The adjustable frequency via trimpot VR1 allows for fine-tuning of the modulation, which can help optimize performance based on specific environmental conditions.

Overall, this circuit provides a robust solution for beam break detection, with a focus on minimizing false triggers caused by ambient light and ensuring reliable operation over several meters. The design considerations, including the choice of components and the configuration of the transmitter and receiver, contribute to its effectiveness in diverse applications.This circuit is presented as an alternative to the IR beam break detector featured in the June 2009 issue (Silicon Chip). In order to make it relatively insensitive to ambient light, it uses a standard IR receiver IC such as the Jaycar ZD-1942.

This has a high output (+5V) as long as a modulated beam is detected. The IR detector (IC3) controls an LM ­7555 CMOS timer (IC2) which operates in mono ­stable mode. When the beam is broken, IC2 is triggered and its pin 3 output goes high for about half a second. This extinguishes LED1 and turns on transistor Q1 to drive a 5V low-power relay. The circuit is powered from six AA cells and a 78L05 5V regulator (necessary for the receiver IC). The IR transmitter is also built around an LM7555 (IC1), this time operating in astable mode at low duty cycle. Its frequency is set to 38kHz with trimpot VR1. The IR diode was salvaged from a defunct remote control but these are readily available new. The transmitter is powered by four AA cells. The system has a range of several metres and while it is insensitive to the transmitter alignment, the detection window can be narrowed by placing the detector near to the object to be detected and/or using some form of baffle to restrict the window.