An unconventional, scalable high efficiency 12V solar power system and battery charge controller withlow voltage cutout to protect thebattery. (ideal for systems of 50W or less) This circuit was designed for small to medium lead acid systems and feature a lowish idle current ( 5mA ) which increases battery life on small capacity systems. All the p
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arts in this design are through hole parts and can be found from a number of sources. None of the parts need programing and only a voltmeter and an adjustable supply is needed to calibrate the board. This makes it easy andcheap to build and maintain. Maximum power point tracking controllers are basically microprocessor controlled switch mode converters that vary the duty cycle up and down, hunting for the panel voltage that relates tothe maximum power output of the Photo Voltaic cells. These converters currently provide the highestconversion efficiency. They dynamically adjust to allowfor changes in environmental conditions. An example would be if your battery is at 11V and the solar panel currently provides the optimum power at 15V, the MPPT would take in 15V at say 4A (60w) and provide the battery with 11V at 4, 9A (53. 9W) this includes a loss of 10% in the conversion. The same panel when connected directly may only put out 11V at 4, 2A (46. 2W). A microprocessor is inevitably needed and the circuit is generally more complex, this makes for a circuit that is less repairable and maintainable by its users that now require additional skills. If you accept the additional complexity, or was never going to builds, repair or maintain your system yourself, the only reasonto choose or not to chooseMPPT is monetary cost. Assuming you are paying 3$ / Watt for yourpanel. If your MPPT converter is going to cost$35 more than a simple...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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