V/I converter accommodates grounded load


Posted on Aug 18, 2012

The voltage-to-current (V/I) converter in Figure 1 uses three common op amps, two medium-power transistors, and only a few passive components. The first op amp (IC1) inverts the sum of voltages VIN and VOUT to V1=-(VIN+VOUT). The second op amp (IC2) and transistors Q1 and Q2 invert this voltage to produce VIN+VOUT.



The formula shows that the value of IOUT depends only on VIN and R6. Voltage follower IC3 reduces to a negligible level the current from the circuit output to IC1. The advantages of the circuit are: load-grounding possibility; simple control of IOUT/V




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