This simple three-phase tester, uses only a small current thyristor as a main element for testing the right or wrong succession of the three phases, and there is no need for a supplementary power supply. The basic circuit is shown in Fig. 69-4A. When connecting to the thyristor anode, grid, and cathode the three phases of the supply network in the sequence phase 1, phase 3, phase 2, are considered as correct, the mean value of the current through the thyristor is relatively high (since it is turned on during an entire half-period of one phase). The result is that the LED will emit a normal light. The wave shapes for the three voltages and the current through the LED for this situation are shown in Fig. 69-4B.
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If the three phases are not correctly connected—phase 1 to the anode, phase 2 to the grid, and phase 3 to the cathode, for instance—the thyristor will be turned on for a very short time and the LED wili produce a very poor light. The wave shapes for this case are shown in Fig. 69-4C. The delay time is given by the R3-R1-R4 group. When any of the three phases is missing, there is no current through the thyristor and the LED will emit no light.
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