Varius Circuits
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In the figure is the FM modulation circuit of crystal oscillator. FM modulation has direct and indirect FM ways, the direct FM method is to directly change the frequency of the oscillating circuit, it`s simple, but as it is the LC oscillating circuit, the.... -
The oscillator circuit which is composed of the 1MHz quartz crystal resonator and the NAND gate is as shown in the figure, the NAND gate 3 is the output buffer stage. This circuit can be used to calibrate the standard frequency. Figure 1 The 1MHz quartz.... -
The 27MHz quartz crystal oscillator circuit is as shown in figure 1. The biasing circuit is composed of the R1, R2 and R3, C6 is the bypass capacitor. The partial voltage circuit is composed of the C1, C2, C3 and C4 to control the strength of oscillation. L1.... -
This circuit SJT is 1024kHz temperature compensation crystal oscillator. Circuit theoryis asshown. Because output signal level of the circuit is low, the buffer of follow-up transistor VTl is amplified. VTl base bias resistor R2, the load resistor R3, the.... -
Simple network design is a key feature of the Pierce circuit, as these 1-MHz oscillators illustrate.Operating the crystal slightly above resonance (Fig.21-5a) requires only one high-gain transistor stage.Operating it exactly at series resonance (Fig. 21-5b).... -
The circuit shown in the chart is 1kHz sine wave oscillator circuit. Basing on the double-T circuit, the circuit using 741ordinary operational amplifier to produce 1000Hz sine wave output. Adjusting 100k? potentiometer will make circuit start oscillation,.... -
The circuit includes two synchronized multivibrators which are composed ofone pair of 555time base circuits. The circuit can output two synchronized pulse signals,and the spacing and frequency can be changed by adjusting the time constant. The circuit is.... -
This circuit is basically simple and easy to build, it uses two transistors as active components and a few passive components like resistors, capacitors and two LEDs. The circuit makes use of the MPS2222 transistor. You can use any NPN type transistor as the.... -
The two parts` component parameters and models of the circuit are corresponding to simultaneously obtain a rectangular wave with duty ratio of 1:1, its frequency f = 0.7/RB ¢ C. RB is Rb1 or Rb2 in the figure, and its upper limit value Rb1 < 0.5?RC1 ; Rb2 <.... -
Crystal oscillator works as 51MHz crystal( the third harmonic of 17MHz). According to the different structures, the drain - gate capacitance can be selected between 0.5 to 1.8 pF. L2`s turns are about 20% of the L1. 470 ? source resistor can change the.... -
This oscillator uses a very large capacitance-to-inductance ratio. L1 is a one-tum coil consisting of a loop of #12 wire 12 in diameter. This circuit is useful for metal detectors, etc., where a loop antenna is used.... -
The oscillator uses a fundamental quartz crystal, and the oscillation frequency can be up to 10MHz. Oscillator circuit is tuned to the resonant frequency. Capacitor C requires below 4.7pF, and it is connected to a follower to isolate the quartz crystal.... -
Many RC oscillators use advanced circuit in phase shift unit. It uses a voltage feedback amplifier, of which the gain will get a sharp decline in a higher frequency and stop oscillation before reaching the desired frequency. That is the reason why voltage.... -
Low-drift solid-state design for 40-meter band has maximum change of only 25 Hz from cold start to full warm-up at 25?. After stabilization, maximum hunting is 5 Hz. Drift is minimized by paralleling two or more capacitors in critical parts of circuit..... -
The NC monostable multivibrator circuit shown in the chart is composed of four 2 input NOR gate CC4001 and 14-bit binary serial counter / divider CC4020. It mainly used as time delay switch or timer in automatic control equipments.... -
The circuit is composed of lag comparator with A1 and inverting integrator A2, and the charging and discharging time constant is decided by integral resistors (R1+RP1) and the capacitor C1. VD1~VD5 form the limiter circuit. The maximum oscillation frequency.... -
The JFET Pierce oscillator is stable and simple. It can be the clock of a microprocessor, a digital timepiece or a calculator. With a probe at the output, it can be used as a precise injection oscillator for troubleshooting. Attach a small length of wire at.... -
As shown in the figure, 555, Rl, RPland C1form thecontrolled audio oscillator, f = 1.44 / ( R1 +2 RP1) C1, the icon parameter frequency isbetween 600Hz ~ 20kHz, and it can beselected by adjusting RP1.... -
A 2N366 is configured as an audio feedback oscillator using an audio transformer is shown. Adjust R1 for proper operation and desired audio note.... -
The Colpitts Oscillator is characterised by tapping the mid-point of the capacitive side of the oscillator section. The inductor can be the primary side of a speaker transformer. The feedback comes via the inductor.... -
Figure shows the Colpitts oscillator circuit. It has a base frequency crystal, and the frequency is 1499 kHz, crystal SJT is connected to the both ends of capacitor C2, C3. Emitter divider resistor R2, R3 provide basic feedback signal, the feedback voltage.... -
This circuit is the improved hartley oscillator circuit, changing the base current can adjust the frequency in a given range. The output signal amplitude is higher than 6V in 6k? load resistance,and it is suitable for electronic cello circuits....
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This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of.... -
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is.... -
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to.... -
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This.... -
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the.... -
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,.... -
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the.... -
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power.... -
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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