An infrared LED and a phototransistor are used for each eye. Half of a 556 timer IC (ICl-a) functions as an as table multivibrator oscillating at a frequency of about 1 kHz. That IC drives transistor Ql which in turn drives the two infrared LED's, LED1 and LED2. The right eye is composed of LED1 and Q2. If an obstacle appears in front of the right eye, pulses from LED1 are reflected by the obstacle and detected by Q2. The signal from Q2 is amplified by Q3, which triggers IC2, a 555.
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That IC operates in the monostable mode, and it provides a pulse output with a width of as much as 2.75 seconds, depending on the setting of Rll. That pulse output energizes relay RY1, and that reverses the polarity of the voltage applied to the motor. Corresponding portions of the circuit of the left eye operate in the same fashion, using the unused half of the 556 (ICl-b). That action causes the robot to turn away from an obstacle.
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