The overall block diagram of the system. Audio comes in at the left, and is summed, differenced, multiplied, delayed, filtered, and all other imaginable manipulations. The output is a set of 5 discrete audio channels plus one low frequency effects channel. This is the typical layout for the speakers in a 5 + 1 channel home theatre system
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setup. The chair sits in the middle and the speakers are amied more or less at the listener. The subwoofer`s location is less important, as it is nearly omnidirectional. In this age of Dolby Digital and dts decoding standard on recievers under about $200, you might wonder why I decided to do this project at all. Two reasons: 1) at the time I was a graduate student in physics, and therefore had no money to buy a $200 reciever, and 2) I am a strong believer in analog electronics when it comes to audio. Since I can`t afford to purchase the single-chip surround solutions available from a few manufacturers, (and for that matter can`t afford to buy new components) I decided to build the entire system from my junk box, with the exception of a few potentiometers from Radio Shack. While my CD player is indeed better at accurately reproducing sound than many LP`s, I just can`t give up the panache of analog sound reproduction. So, I set about to create a Dolby Pro Logic surround sound style system without the aid of digital wizzardry using junk parts. I started at the Dolby Labs web site, downloading their "white paper" documents on their Pro Logic system. While there are no schematics available, there is extensive documentation on the theory of their system [Figure 1]. The Pro Logic system takes the two channel output from a stereo source, and decodes it into 5 or 6 discreet channels of sound, depending on the sophistication of the...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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