I found that my sprite, burdened with an extra electrical load from an electric cooling fan, just barely kept the battery charged. My intended solution to this problem is an electronic voltage regulator; however, it seems obvious that, before changing the regulator, I need some way to monitor the charging. Most meters today are digital. They work by converting an analog
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voltage to a digital number, displaying that number on a digital readout. Conventional analog meters are still in use, however, and probably will remain so. (To see why, just try to adjust something for a peak or null value with a digital meter!) Conventional meters are based on the principle that a coil of wire carrying a current experiences a torque when placed in a magnetic field. The torque rotates the coil, and a pointer connected to the coil indicates the current. Such meters respond fundamentally to current; we call them current-sensing devices. Voltmeters consist of an ammeter with a series resistance, so the voltage is measured, by Ohm`s law, as the current times the resistance. Moving-coil ammeters can be remarkably sensitive. They are usually designed to operate at very low full-scale currents, because it is straightforward to extend their ranges to higher currents but not lower. Back when all test meters were analog, the "gold standard" was a movement that required only 50 microamperes for full-scale deflection. To measure higher current, it is necessary to use a shunt, a resistor connected in parallel with the meter so that it bypasses most of the current. The shunt resistance is given by the relation, where Rs is the shunt resistance, Rm is the meter resistance, Im is the meter current for full-scale deflection, and Ifs is the desired full-scale value of the shunted meter. This relation illustrates the problem...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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