This circuit was developed to charge the Lithium-Polymer cells used in a model aircraft. Lithium-Polymer cells are incredibly lightweight compared to Ni-cad battery packs of the same voltage and amp-hour rating. Their only drawback is that they require a rigid charge and discharge regime to achieve maximum life. The most important points of note a
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re as follows: They should be charged using a constant-current, constant-voltage method, which stops the charge once the current has dropped to about the C/10 rate. For example, for an 800mAh pack, charging should be terminated once the current falls to approximately 80mA. To initiate charging, the momentary "Start" button (switch S1) is pressed, closing the relay contacts and connecting the battery pack to the output of REG1. The circuit will then charge two 800mAh cells in series at a constant current of 600mAh until they reach a peak terminal voltage of 4. 2V per cell (nominal terminal voltage for these cells is 3. 7V). REG1 and transistor Q2 form a current-limited voltage regulator. When the charge current exceeds about 600mA, the voltage developed across R7 turns on Q2, which in turn pulls the adjust terminal of REG1 towards ground. This shunts the voltage adjustment resistance chain formed by VR2 and R3, thereby limiting the output to 600mA. When the battery voltage reaches about 8. 4V, the regulator limits any further voltage increase, as set by VR2. The charge current will then slowly decrease as the cells reach full capacity. As a result, the voltage across R7 also falls, until the bias voltage on the base of Q1 is too small to keep it in conduction. When Q1 turns off, the relay also turns off, isolating the fully charged battery. Place an ammeter in series with the battery to be charged and press the "Start"...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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