This project was a particular surprise for me in that the BC547 (equiv 2N2222) can be used to build a 500mW linear amplifier covering the entire HF band with excellent spectral purity and no neutralizing at all. Ugly-bug construction was used but I dare say that the good results are partly to do with the method of construction. The circuit is fair
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ly straight-forward and does not even need any form of RF neutralizing. Two pairs of BC547 transistors are used in a push-pull type of output stage, biased by a single diode and resistor. The driver is also very conventional using T1 to transform the drive impedance to a very low value for the output pairs. The amplifier is constructed on a piece of copper-clad board 45mm long by 17mm wide. Superglue a 44mm long by 3mm wide strip of copper-clad board along the center. This will become the battery supply rail. Using a sharp knife, remove some copper to form a 3mm x 3mm pad at one end of the battery rail to form the RF output terminal. Next fit the 10n and 33n is decoupling capacitors; one pair at either end. These should lay flat on the board. The rest is easy after you see the photographs. T1 primary is 14-turns of very thin wire (0. 1mm Dia. ) and the secondary is 1+1 turn of thin wire (0. 2mm Dia. ). T1 former is two of the smallest ferrite beads I could find. You can just see it in the left-hand photograph above. T1 is composed of two grey ferrite beads. The right-hand photograph shows T2 and the mounting of the two output pairs of BC547 transistors. T2 is a little special. I found two small ferrite rings in the junk-box and decided to give them a try. The windings are 11-turns three flar wound using thin wire (0. 2mm Dia. ): The five transistors are all mounted on their heads using super-glue and with their legs in the...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
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The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
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In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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