The Ping Ultrasonic Distance Sensor by Parallax has three pins. These pins are +5V, I/O, and Ground. In order to activate the sensor, a 5 microsecond 5V signal must be sent to the I/O pin. The sensor then waits 750 microseconds before sending an ultrasonic wave. The sensor sets the I/O pin to high (+5V). When the sensor receives the reflected ultr
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asonic wave, it sets the I/O pin to low. The time that the I/O pin is high represents twice the distance of the object, as the wave must travel to the object and be reflected back. The sensor is rated for 2cm to 3m, though it will measure distances as far as 3. 47m. After the sensor has received a signal there is a 200 microsecond refractory period. Due to the delay and the refractory period, one must wait 19. 455 milliseconds between successive measurements (18. 5 milliseconds to measure 3m + 5 microseconds to active the sensor + 750 microsecond delay + 200 microsecond refractory period). Charts diagramming the effects of elevation and angle of the object relative to the sensors can be found in the product documentation ( [1] ). In the circuit, the black wire represents ground. Pin C5 was used as the output pin responsible for activating the sensor. The external triggers RB0 and RB1 were used to identify when the I/O pin of the sensor was set to high and low respectively. Pin C6 is used for RS-232 communication to the PC. In order to setup LCD output, see C Example: Parallel Interfacing with LCDs. This interrupt will be activated when external trigger RB1 transitions from High to Low. This function will retrieve the time from Timer 1. It will then calculate the distance of the object. The. 0000004 term represents the. 8 microsecond increment of Timer 1 divided by 2. Division by 2 is required since the wave must travel...
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