There is also a version without SMD. This version is called 2. 1, slightly larger (80 * 100 mm) and equipped with dual drivers (to 1A load), but runs with the same software. The input voltage of the external power supply is fed to X2 (15V), type of current(AC/DC) or polarity does not matter, therefore a model train transformer, a power adapter or
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the DCC signal can be used. The signal DCC can be also passed along on the board itself without external bridge by closing solder jumpers SJ6 and SJ7. The input voltage is rectified and by means of the usual 7805 series regulator the 5V for the processor are generated. The idle current is about 20mA, both the T0220 and the smaller T039 can be fitted. Note 1: I`ve noticed that some of Roco turnouts only switch at 15V, in this case due to the voltage drops across the rectifier and output driver the supply voltage need to be increased to 16V AC or 18V DC. Note 2: If only servos or DMX will be controlled, then a lower supply voltage of 7-9V makes life much easier for the 7805. I use here plug power supplies, which are `cheap` at the next recycling centre. The DCC signal is connected to X1. It is separated from the voltage supply of the decoder via an optocoupler (6N136). The optocoupler ensures a trouble-free operation even in large systems. 6N136 as well as 6N137 or 4N25 can be used. With 6N137, in addition, the Pin 7 (enable input) must be connected to pin 8 (this is not in the layout, because this pin must remain free when 6N136 is used). The 4N25 (or its derivatives) must be mounted as follows: pin 1 of the 4N25 connects to pin 2 of the layout (thus pin 1 of the layout remains unconnected). The 4N25 is relatively slow; in particular the release time is relatively long. The pull-up (R5) at the output must be scaled down to...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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