The capacitance between the wire and the probe would form a capacitive voltage divider with the probe's input capacitance, and at frequencies significantly higher than the low frequency roll off created by the probe's input capacitance and the probe's resistance, the wave form would be faithfully reproduced, although it would have a reduced amplitude. The circuit give here, presents about a 2 pf load to the circuit, and capacitively loads the circuit measurably less than the X100 voltage probe (A Stack CP-241) I often use for this sort of thing.
Click here to download the full size of the above Circuit.
To make a X10 capacitive attenuator, simply select a variable capacitor, C2 that has an adjustment range that includes the capacitance, that when added to Cin, the input capacitance of the scope probe you are going to use with it, is nine times that of the coupling capacitor. In this circuit, the coupling capacitor, C1. is 2 pf and the scope probe's input capacitance is about 16 pf, so C2 is
C2 = (9X C1) - Cin
C2 =( 9 X 2 pf ) -16 pf
C= 2pf
This set of values puts 90% of the voltage across C1 and 10% across C2 and the scope probe. This also works for higher attenuations, but since I am working with signals of a few volts or less, X10 is about as high as I need to go.
Construction and Calibration
I built this on a small piece of pre-punched fiberglass board with a plated metalization pattern. The leads are all short to minimize stray reactances. A couple cm of bare #30 tinned copper wire serves as the probe. A small hook at the end lets me "hang" the probe on component leads. I also occasionally solder the tip of the wire to the circuit under test.
A short length of hookup wire makes the ground connection from the adapter to an alligator clip which makes the ground contact for the circuit under test. The shorter the better. For frequencies above 50 MHz, it would be much better to just solder a short piece of wire, about 1 cm long, from the adapter's ground to the circuit under test.
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