Audio Oscillators

Programmable Sound Generator

The AY-3-8910/8912 is a register oriented Programmable Sound Generator (PSG). Communication between the processor and the PSG is based on the concept of memory-mapped I/O. Control commands are issued to the PSG by writing to 16 memory-mapped registers. Each of the 16 registers within the PSG is also readable so that the microprocessor can determine, as necessary, present states or stored data values. All functions of the PSG are controlled through its 16 registers which once programmed, generate and sustain thesounds, thus freeing the system processor for other tasks...

555 Audio Oscillator

A oscilloscope would be useful in analyzing the waveforms produced by this circuit, but it is not essential. An audio detector is a very useful piece of test equipment for this experiment, especially if you don't have an oscilloscope...

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Metronome is an electronic device that keeps rhythm by making regulated clicking sounds, device used to keep the beat while playing a musical instrument. The circuit is an old design to build, but you will find it useful. ..

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This simple circuit can provide hours of enjoyment as you learn tunes, play duets or just make some really weird sounds by pushing all the buttons at once. You have probably seen this ciruit before, it is fairly common. I have seen it in several books. The best thing about the circuit is that you can tune each individual note, or go to a whole new octive by changing one capacitor (C1). Because of this, it is possible to from an entire Transistor Organ ensemble. Why you would want to do this is anyone`s guess.....