This plugin uses a quartz oscillator which uses a crystal (X1), amongst other components to give a 32, 768Hz (32, 768=215) output. This is input to a 4020 14-Stage Ripple Counter, which divides this signal down by 214 to a 2Hz signal. This 2Hz signal is then halved in frequency using a JK flip-flop ( 4027 ) configured as a toggle flip-flop. The outp
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ut from this is used as the 1Hz signal. Both the 1Hz and 2Hz signals are taken as outputs, as the faster 2Hz signal is sometimes useful for clocking circuits at a visible speed, without going too slowly. Below is the stripboard layout for the plugin. The dimensions of the stripboard are 12x23 holes. An LED and current-limiting resistor have been added to the 1Hz output to provide a visual indicator. This can be omitted without affecting the performance of the the circuit. R2 may need to be mounted around D1, as there is very little space for it. The parts lift below assumes a power supply of 9V. If a different voltage is used, it is possible that the LED current-limiting resistor (R2) must be changed and the oscillator may need adjustment as well.
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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