I have posted wide varieties ofsmall electronic projects onwater level sensor in Circuits Gallery. This is another project for school students to detect the water level inside a water tank or any other water reservoir. We can call this as a liquid level sensor`, because this circuit is able to sense the presence and absence of liquid in a tank. Th
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is school electronic project is built around BC548 transistors and a 7432 OR gate IC. This water alarm will produce a beep sound when the water goes below a specified level (h1) or when the water overflows. This is one of the home science experiments that can be implemented as science projects for high school students. You may also like to have a look at our other science experiments like automatic water tank level controller and numeric water level indicator. I have also published an article to detect overflow of water using alarm. The basic principle of this circuit is switching property of NPN transistors `. That is when a transistor is OFF` its collector voltage is Vcc (6V) and when it is in ON` state the collector voltage falls to 0. 02V (approx. 0V). When water level goes below h1` the wire from transistor Q3 disconnects from the power supply, hence Q3 becomes OFF`. Thus its collector voltage will be Vcc. This high` voltage is applied to the OR gate (IC7432)`. Hence its output becomes high (if any one of the input of OR` gate is high, output will be High`) and it leads to the turning ON` of the driver transistor Q4. Thus the buzzer produces a beep sound. When the water level goes above h2` Q1 becomes ON because its base terminal is energized by Vcc in the water, due to this Q2 will be in OFF` state. So the collector voltage of Q2 becomes High`. Again this High` voltage is given to the OR gate making its output High`...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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