This is an easy to build X-Y oscilloscope. To try this an ATmega324P and two KAD0820 (same as National Semiconductor`s ADC0820 ) were used. Originally this oscilloscope was built around an AT90S4414 hence the external AD converters. Some rose and Lissajous curves were used to test this oscilloscope. This circuit looks a bit messy as built on the
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protoboard, and takes a bit of experimentation to get it to work correctly. To begin with, I fed the same sinewave to both channels and once I got a reasonably clear diagonal line I proceeded to test other curves. The contrast setting for the LCD was set for a relatively cool 20 C (68 F) so if you try it in a warmer environment, your LCD could look a bit too dark. There are two analog to digital converters (ADC) one of which converts a signal for the X axis and the other for the Y axis. The data from the converters is scaled down and then used as coordinates to draw a dot on the screen. If you feed a sinewave to each channel with an offset of /2 radians, a circle will be drawn. The ADC0820 converters are in the WR-RD mode which is the fastest of both available modes, taking only 1, 5 uS to convert a sample, and the microcontroller reads them as often as it can from an infinite loop. The ADCs are read at a rate of about 1666 times per second, but the much higher speed of the converters is not exactly useless. I actually tried with the ATmega324P internal converters and with its slower conversion time, about 13uS, the distortion in the curves was too obvious. Both of the ADC0820s conversion cycles are started within nanoseconds so the conversions are almost simultaneous and it`s not necessary to correct for phase changes between both source signals. So instead of complicating the firmware to be able to use the Atmega324P...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
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The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
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In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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