When the games timer is RESET, two things must happen. The 4017 counter must go back to zero and the 4060 astable/divider must go back to zero. (If we left the 4060 running, it would not be synchronised with the 4017 and erratic times would result. ) The 4017 is rising edge triggered. As a result, LED number 0 goes OFF and LED number 1 goes ON when
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the first rising edge is received from the 4060. As you can see, this occurs when the time elapsed is equal to half the period of the 4060 pulses. Work through this explanation again if you are unsure about why the total timed period is equal to 8. 5 times the period of the 4060 pulses, rather than 10 times the period of these pulses. Resistors are available at low cost in a wide range of values. Usually, any resistor from 1W to 10MW costs the same. The range of capacitor values is more restricted and larger value capacitors cost more. When you select components for a resistor/capacitor combination, it often makes sense to choose the capacitor first and to start by choosing a relatively small value. You need to think clearly to follow through these calculations. What you end up with are resistor and capacitor values which allow the games timer to count through a reasonably accurate timed period of 1 minute. These magic numbers are: Once you have established the RT and CT values you need for a timed period of 1 minute, it is much easier to work out the values you need for the other timed periods, 30 seconds, 2 minutes and 3 minutes: To understand how to use a rotary switch, you need to know a bit more about how switches are described. The diagram below shows four common types of switches: In an SPST, or single pole single throw switch, there is a single input connection, called a pole, and a single output connection, called...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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