Digital Circuits
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An ultrasonic, or sonar, range finder is a common sensor in robotic systems and industrial environments. Even home and automotive uses are possible. A novel sensor design consists of a WC, a few peripheral components, and a pair of ultrasonic transducers.... -
Application Note 381 contains information necessary to interface the Motorola MPC8260 processor to the DS2155 T1/E1/J1 Single Chip Transceiver (SCT). The application note covers interfacing both the address and data processor bus and the communications....
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A design example for a portable data acquisition system is offered that greatly simplifies the circuit design task. A reduction from seven components down to three components is accomplished with a design that has lower system cost, faster time-to-market,....
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Like its predecessor, AN67, this Application Note includes circuits for high speed video, interface and hot swap circuits, active RC and switched capacitor filter circuitry and a variety of data conversion and instrumentation circuits...
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The most important criteria of a data-acquisition system for college science laboratories are simplicity and price rather than precision or speed. The data-acquisition system in Figure 1 offers adequate precision of less than 0.5% and speed of 1 Hz to....
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Here`s a simple lie detector that can be built in a few minutes, but can be incredibly useful when you want to know if someone is really telling you the truth. It is not as sophisticated as the ones the professionals use, but it works. It works by measuring.... -
The MiniLOGGER provides 8-channel analog input(-99mV to +999mV), 1-channel pulse input, battery backup 256kB SRAM, Real-time Clock, and RS232C. Start/Stop recording can be made by MANUAL switch or preprogrammed Start/Stop Time. The format of uploading data.... -
Application Note 67 is a collection of circuits from the first five years of Linear Technology, targeting data conversion, interface and signal processing applications. This Application Note includes circuits such as fast video multiplexers for high....
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The circuit diagram of the Lie Detector is shown above. It consists of three transistors (TR1 to TR3), a capacitor (C1), two lights or LEDs (L1 & L2), five resistors (R1 to R5), and a variable resistor (VR1). This circuit is based on the fact that a.... -
The current concept incorporates a wireless transmitter and receiver and is thought to be used for remote controlled airplanes or appliances with two seperate parts. In other words, we have one dedicated transmitter (acquisition, filtering) and one dedicated....
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The TMP03* is a complete temperature data-acquisition system on a monolithic silicon chip. Including a silicon-based sensor, internal voltage reference, and sigma-delta A/D converter, it fits in a 3-pin (power, common, and output) TO-92 transistor package..... -
Sensitive systems, such as those in aircraft, must withstand fault conditions, thereby avoiding component and system damage, because a sensor failure could cause a catastrophic event to occur. A channel protector, comprising two n-channel MOSFETs connected....
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Using a product developed for PC-motherboard environmental monitoring, you can configure a low-cost, general-purpose DAS (data-acquisition system) (Figure 1). The DAS can directly monitor multiple voltage channels as well as temperature and frequency. It can....
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This application note features 8-, 10-, and 12-bit data acquisition components in various circuit configurations. The circuits include battery monitoring, temperature sensing, isolated serial interfaces, and microprocessor and microcontroller serial and....
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The circuit in Figure 1 shows the versatility of the LTC2418. A combination of single-ended, differential, unipolar and bipolar input sources are simultaneously applied to the LTC2418...
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Below is a rough schematic of the layout of the accelerometer PC board looking from the component side. The microcontroller is an Atmel AT89S8252, an 8051 clone. This microcontroller is in-circuit programmable using an SPI interface. The SPI pins are also.... -
This application note describes techniques of using a PC based Digital I/O Board to characterize analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). It will look at static DC parameters such as integral nonlinearity (INL), differential nonlinearity (DNL), gain, and offset....
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Industrial control systems continue to employ standard analog signals for transmitting data between the process and the control equipment. Robust, 4-to-20mA current-loop signals that are easily transmitted over several thousand feet, ±5 and ±10V signals are....
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The LTC®2400 is the industrys first No Latency TM ADC that combines automatic offset and full-scale calibration, an internal oscillator, a sinc4 digital filter, and serial I/O to yield a 24-bit ADC with 1.5µVRMS input noise and singleshot conversion time....
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Figure 1 illustrates the simplified block diagram of a typical high-speed data converter system. The system consists of a bandpass filter, ADC, high-frequency clock, high-speed storage device, and post processing unit. Aside from the MAX104, the....
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The design in Figure 1 is a visible optical link for those who need to see the transmitted data. An isolation figure of more than 5000V is a bonus. Tests of the system used the COM input of a data-acquisition system, as well as a standard PC`s COM port. The....
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Another method that helps program development besides a dot LED as the output device is a serial bit. With a serial transmission to a terminal emulator program, developer may then test program running easier than a dot LED. One of my circuit uses PIC16F84.... -
The method in Figure 1a needs no access or knowledge of the communicating devices. A C program opens two COM ports and installs interrupt-service routines for IRQ4 and IRQ3. Upon the reception of an interrupt, the routine stores a byte in a common circular....
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The circuit consists of two sections, one being a DC/DC converter and the other being a pair of dual N-channel MOSFETs and their associated high-side drivers that effectively form a DPDT switch...
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The rapid, widespread use of 3.3V logic circuits complicates the selection of RS232 interface circuits. The optimum choice of an interface circuit should be based upon several application dependent factors: 1) Logic circuitry connected to interface chip....
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The RS232 transceiver supports both RS232 and EIA-562 standards, whereas the RS485 transceiver supports both RS485 and RS422 standards. The logic input (MODE) selects between RS232 and RS485 modes. With three additional control logic inputs (RXEN, DXEN....
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While the normal PC hardware might well run with just Tx, Rx and Ground connected, most driver software will wait forever for one of the handshaking lines to go to the correct level. Depending on the signal state it might sometimes work, other times it might.... -
A state-of-the-art silicon temperature sensor like MAX6577 measures a remote temperature far from the host system. The temperature sensor converts this temperature into a square wave with a frequency proportional to the absolute temperature of its package,....
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PBUS is an RS485-like multi-drop bus for interconnecting PIC and other microcontroller-driven devices. Protocol and software is written by Jap. Just include a separate pbus library file into your project and add your command handlers for the specific device.... -
Hand held computers are rapidly moving to 3V logic to save power. Yet higher voltage buses are still utilized elsewhere in the system for display driving and other functions. The LT1330 is functionally equivalent to the LT1237 but operates from 5V with a....
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Figure 1 shows a simple, cost-effective way of providing these bias voltages. A step-up regulator, IC1, forms the heart of the circuit. This regulator switches at a constant frequency of 1 MHz and a fixed duty cycle of 70%. IC1 steps up the input voltage to....
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I recently needed to control nine seven-segment displays for a microcontroller`s serial port. The complication I faced was the need to provide a continuous brightness adjustment for all the digitsfrom completely dark to fully bright. I couldn`t easily use....
New Circuits
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This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of.... -
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is.... -
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to.... -
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This.... -
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the.... -
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,.... -
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the.... -
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power.... -
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
Popular Circuits
Here is a handy gadget for test- ing of infrared (IR) based re- mote control transmitters used...
The circuit described in this article is a MOSFET follower for driving headphones. FET followers...
Using the bilateral properties of a balanced mixer this transvertcr will produce 6-m output with...
A 6 watt audio amplifier circuit using TDA2613 is shown here. TDA2613 is an integrated Hi-Fi...
A classic amateur radio transmitter topology, the oscillator-amplifier (sometimes called master...
The connection point for the positive terminal of the 9V battery is displayed as a circle at the...
Here is a easy circuit of a DC to DC converter using LM317T IC. LM317 is a very famous IC comes...
Got a 89 s10, 4. 3 with auto trans. someone else pulled the motor I got stuck trying to put it...
DC feedback works shown in Figure l-31. In the circuit, R7 connected to the output terminal (the...