Negative AC voltage

A voltage-to-frequency converter (VFC) circuit is illustrated in the schematic diagram below. The circuit utilizes a 555 integrated circuit (IC) as the central component of its operation. The voltage-to-frequency converter (VFC) is a crucial electronic circuit that converts an input...

This circuit incorporates a datasheet-compliant trigger signal, reversed polarity protection, an optional test button, and the capability for battery operation. It utilizes either the U1 L601E3 or MAC97A8 triac, rated for 400 V and 1 A. When U1 is...

A simple linear voltage-controlled amplifier can be constructed with one operational amplifier (op amp) and two junction field-effect transistors (JFETs). This amplifier can achieve an 80-dB dynamic control range with less than ±0.2% linearity error for 0 V. The described...

This circuit utilizes a programmable operational amplifier, specifically the HA2730, which is a two-amplifier monolithic chip featuring independent programming ports for each amplifier. The parameters of the amplifiers, including the slew rate, vary linearly based on a set current....

The HT70XX series comprises a collection of three-terminal low-power voltage detectors constructed using CMOS technology. Each voltage detector within the series is designed to detect a specific fixed voltage within the range of 2.2V to 7V. These detectors feature...

Each subsequent stage adds 1700 volts, resulting in more than 20 kV with 12 stages. However, this voltage can only be achieved when the output of the cascade is unloaded. The described circuit appears to be a high-voltage cascade generator,...