The 555 timer is so named because its primary mode of operation is intended to be in monostable mode. Operating as a monostable, it does not fit the strict definition of an oscillator because, unlike true oscillators, it requires an input signal to trigger its operation, however the fact that the 555 timer can be used in both monostable and astabl
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e mode considerably increases its flexibility and usefulness. Unlike the astable, which has two unstable states and so continually switches from one to the other and back again, the monstable has one stable state and one unstable state. When triggered by a suitable pulse at its input (pin 2) it switches from its stable state, in which the output is low, to its unstable state where its output is high. This state exists for a time controlled by the values of R1 and C1, and at the end of this period the output switches back to its stable (low) state. Its primary use is therefore to produce a set time delay, initiated by an input pulse. From Fig. 4. 5. 1 it can be seen that the circuit differs from the basic astable configuration shown in Oscillators Module 4. 3 in that only one timing resistor (R1) is used, pins 6 and 7 (instead of 6 and 2) are connected together and pin 2 is used for the trigger pulse input. Fig. 4. 5. 2 illustrates the timing waveforms for the monostable, notice that the trigger pulse on pin 2, which must be higher than 1/3Vcc in the absence of a trigger pulse but is normally at about +Vcc, falls to less than 1/3 Vcc to trigger the start of the delay (high output) period. The trigger pulse makes the voltage on the inverting input of comparator 2 lower than its non-inverting input and so the comparator output goes high, making the S input of the bistable high and setting the bistable Q output high, and its Q...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
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In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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