high voltage crowbar circuit

The overload protection circuit operates at a power of 650 mW with a supply voltage of 12 V and is designed for a speaker with an impedance of 25 ohms. The component specifications include: VT1 as transistor NB111EH/J, VT2...

This is a small electronic switch that connects a battery to the equipment for a certain amount of time when a push-button is momentarily pressed. The ambient light level has also been considered; when it is dark, the display...

The circuit is an amplifier with bias at cutoff. Transistor Q5 functions similarly to a grid-leak detector. In the absence of a subcarrier input, the demodulator is disabled, preventing any signals from passing through. It is essential for the...

This circuit is designed as a low-cost voltage reference. Its main component is a general-purpose operational amplifier, the 741, configured to output a buffered fixed reference voltage for use by other integrated circuits or circuits, such as an Analog-to-Digital...

This circuit is very similar to a Joule Thief, but it utilizes two transistors, does not include a transformer core, and employs only one inductor. The described circuit operates on principles akin to those of a Joule Thief, which is...

A Darlington connection-type transistor is utilized for driving the coil. In this configuration, two stages of transistors are connected in series, resulting in a high current gain, where the "hfe" of the Darlington transistor is the product of the...