In this circuit exists a second designing proposal of preamplifier RIAA. The first stage uses discernible components and in second exist a opamp. [IC1]. In the negative feedback exist the correction RIAA filters. Certain points need certain discriminators: 1] capacitors C2 and C15, will be supposed to suit with the cartridge characteristics that you will use. 2] Transistors Q1-2 and Q8-9, good is they have matched in their characteristics and they are found very near so that they have the same thermic behavior. This can become with choice from a lot of transistors so that we find certain pairs with same characteristics, measuring with a hfe meter. 3] the trjmmer TR1-2 regulate the characteristics of differential amplifiers in the input, for null of DC voltage in the exit of stage. 4] the capacitors C4-17 and C11-24 should matched between them with capacitance meter, so that they have the same values, avoiding in this way the purchase of precise capacitors. 5] All the resistors should be metal film 1%. the circuit supply become from power supply, that exist already in amplifier or from external good stabilised supply ± 15V 100mA.

The heart(s) of the unit are the ETAL P3400 line modules available from Farnell. These modules mop-up all of the line interface functions like ring detection, physical hybrid, on-off hook handling etc. This means that the TBU as a whole would probably pass PSTN type approval testing if it was subjected to it. This sheet shows the differential amplifiers which take the signal from the RX side of the hybrid, and the differential amps which accept the mixer TX output for sending to the TX side of the hybrid. The TX signal is bandpass filtered with -3dB points of 200Hz and 3500Hz at -12dB/octave. This avoids sending unecessarily wide audio to the telephone line and makes cancellation of the TX crosstalk easier.

Instrumentation amplifiers (differential amplifiers) are specifically designed to extract and amplify small differential signals from much larger common mode voltages. To serve as building blocks in instrumentation amplifiers, op amps must have very low offset voltage drift, high gain and wide bandwidth. The HA-4620/5604 is suited for this application

When the carrier level is adequate to switch the cross-coupled pair of differential amplifiers, the modu· lation signal, which has been applied to the gate, will be switched at the carrier rate, between the collector loads. When switching occurs, it will result in the modulation being multiplied by a symmetrical switching function. If the modulation gate remains in the linear region, only the first harmonic will be present. To balance the MC1445 modulator, equal gain must be achieved in the two separate channels.

When the carrier level is adequate to switch the cross-coupled pair of differential amplifiers, the modulation signal, which has been applied to the gate, will be switched at the carrier rate, between the collector loads. When switching occurs, it will result in the modulation being multiplied by a symmetrical switching function. If the modulation