AC Powered 220V Led Circuit
The circuit for the white LED lamp consists of several key components designed to efficiently convert mains voltage into a suitable form for powering the LED. The primary components include a rectifier, a filtering capacitor, a current-limiting resistor, and the white LED itself.
The circuit begins with the connection to the AC mains supply, typically at a voltage of 120V or 230V, depending on the region. A bridge rectifier is employed to convert the alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). This rectifier consists of four diodes arranged in a bridge configuration, allowing the current to flow in one direction regardless of the polarity of the input AC signal.
Following the rectification process, a filtering capacitor (Cx) is connected in parallel to the output of the rectifier. This capacitor smooths the pulsating DC voltage produced by the rectifier, reducing voltage fluctuations and providing a more stable DC output. The value of the capacitor is selected based on the desired ripple voltage and the load current requirements of the LED.
Next, a current-limiting resistor is introduced in series with the LED. This resistor is crucial as it prevents excessive current from flowing through the LED, which could lead to overheating and eventual failure. The resistor value is determined using Ohm's law, taking into account the forward voltage drop of the LED and the supply voltage after rectification.
Finally, the white LED is connected in series with the current-limiting resistor. White LEDs typically require a forward voltage of approximately 3V to 3.5V and operate at a current of around 20mA. The arrangement of the LED and resistor ensures that the LED receives the correct voltage and current for optimal performance, providing ample light for tasks such as reading.
This circuit design is efficient and straightforward, making it suitable for various applications where direct mains-powered LED lighting is desired. Proper attention to component ratings and values is essential to ensure safety and longevity of the lamp.This is the simple version of a white LED lamp that can be directly powered from mains. It can give ample light even for reading purpose. Capacitor Cx alon.. 🔗 External reference
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