The Lambda II is based upon the Atmel 8535 chip, which operates at 4 MHz and contains 8K of RAM. This chip was chosen over other brands such as Motorola or Pic, because the circuit used to program it using a computer is very simple to build. This results in an inexpensive way to get started with Atmel products. Although this programming method work
Click here to download the full size of the above Circuit.
s perfectly, a development board called the STK-500 was bought later on in the project. This board allows programming of any Atmel processor, and includes onboard LEDs and switches that can easily be connected to any of the ports. This simplified development and testing procedures greatly. The Atmel AVR STK500 starter kit is specially designed as a development system for Atmel ’s AVR flash microcontrollers. The STK500 provides a quick start to develop code on the AVR combined with other features to develop prototypes and test new designs. The STK500 interfaces with AVR Studio, Atmel ’s Integrated development Environment (IDE) for code writing and debugging. Three basic external circuits were required in addition to the Atmel 8535 microcontroller that allow the processor to be interfaced with the real world. The first is the LCD readout for monitoring and changing settings, the second is the temperature monitoring system, and the third is the fan control circuit. Because almost all small LCD screens are based on the same controller chip, called the Hitachi HD44780, it is fairly simple to interface one to the microcontroller. The following link shows the wiring schematic from the Atmel microcontroller to the LCD readout. As shown in the figure, Port C of the Atmel 8535 is wired to the 4-bit databus and the three control lines of the LCD. The method used to control fan speeds in this project is called Pulse Width Modulation,...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
characters left: