The Spartan-3E board features four LEDs connected to FPGA I/O pins, as detailed in the accompanying table. Each LED's cathode is connected to ground through a 330-ohm resistor. To illuminate a specific LED, the corresponding FPGA control signal must be set to High.
The Spartan-3E board is designed for various applications in digital logic and embedded systems, offering flexibility in controlling external components such as LEDs. Each LED is connected to a dedicated I/O pin on the FPGA, allowing for individual control. The use of a 330-ohm resistor in series with each LED is essential for current limiting, preventing excessive current flow that could damage the LED.
When the FPGA outputs a High signal to a specific I/O pin, the corresponding LED will turn on, as the voltage at the anode of the LED exceeds the forward voltage threshold, allowing current to flow from the anode to the cathode through the resistor. This configuration not only provides visual feedback in various applications but also serves as a fundamental example of interfacing digital logic with passive components.
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