Single-ended four-channel amplifier schematic
The 6AQ5W / 6005UL four-channel single-ended amplifier circuit is designed for high-fidelity audio applications, leveraging the characteristics of the 6AQ5W and 6005UL vacuum tubes to deliver rich sound quality. The circuit employs a power transformer, specifically the Tokyo Light Sound 4CP-2508-SA type 4, which is essential for stepping up the voltage during amplification. This transformer is integrated into the voltage amplification section and is crucial for achieving the desired output levels.
The volume control is facilitated by a potentiometer that adjusts the signal level across all four channels uniformly, allowing for balanced audio output. This feature is particularly beneficial in multi-channel audio systems where consistent volume levels are required across different channels.
The output stage utilizes a UL (Ultra Linear) type configuration, which enhances the amplifier's performance by improving linearity and reducing distortion. The auditory output is further refined through a dual-path negative feedback loop. The first feedback path, which incorporates a 240kΩ resistor, connects from the cathode of the tube screen output electrode back to the primary tube. This configuration introduces a feedback amount of 6dB, which helps stabilize the amplifier's gain and improve overall sound quality.
The second feedback path is derived from the output of the transformer secondary. This path provides a higher feedback amount of 9.5dB, which further contributes to the amplifier's performance by reducing distortion and enhancing frequency response. The combination of these feedback paths allows for a well-rounded audio output, making the 6AQ5W / 6005UL amplifier suitable for various audio applications where clarity and fidelity are paramount.
Overall, this circuit design exemplifies the balance between performance and functionality, making it an excellent choice for audiophiles seeking a high-quality amplification solution.6AQ5W / 6005UL four-channel single-ended amplifier circuit shown in FIG. Shown are only - channels. 4-channel system - using a power transformer for voltage amplification section uses Tokyo light sound 4CP-2508-SA type 4 with volume potentiometer while adjusting the 4 channel volume. The output stage has a good sense of hearing UL type circuit. NFB loop two routes, all the way from the cathode tube screen output electrode via 240kQ resistance to the primary tube, the amount of feedback is 6dB, another way is taken from the output of the transformer secondary 81 "1, the amount of feedback is 9.5dB.
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This amplifier is of such high quality that it would be an understatement to call it a HIFI amplifier. According to HIFI-confirmed-Finland, the frequency response must be direct and distortion <1% 20-20 kHz. Our power amplifier circuit meets the above requirements for bandwidth 5Hz - 500 kHz, however, the frequency band is limited to prevent interference. The amplifier meets the requirements for a reference amplifier, which is suitable for measurement and comparison operations. Small 12-24V voltage system amplifiers operating in the power and properties are somewhat modest, for instance, testing decent speakers. The amplifier is also suitable for demanding PA use. When music occurs at shallow close 20Hz sound levels, the whole amplifier power reserve may need to be temporarily used. This happens especially when the low-frequency emphasis equalizer or amplifier is used, for example, TV. Watching a movie with lots of sound effects, if the power is not enough in that situation, the sound from the speakers is distorted, reducing the enjoyment of hearing or even damaging the speaker drivers. The distortion of human hearing range is only about 20 Hz-20 kHz. The hi-fi speaker gamut extends at its best to 25kHz and the hearing area of bats "remains" at 150 kHz, so what are the practical benefits of the amplifier's superior frequency characteristics? The power of less than 1% distortion mentioned in the title 220W blue means the so-called total maximum amount of distortion. This includes TIM distortion (Transient intermodulation) as well as IM-distortion (intermodulation-distortion). TIM distortion occurs in connection with high-speed percussion sounds, such as the sound of dishes on drums. If the amplifier's share of this distortion is high, the amplifier will not be able to play the sound clean, but the sound will be distorted. The higher the frequencies the amplifier is capable of playing, the less is TIM distortion. If the amplifier would be able to repeat 600 kHz, distortion would not occur at all. IM distortion means that the amplifier generates excess denominated, the so-called undesirable ghost signals. For example, fed in to 19 kHz. And 20 kHz, consists of the difference between 1kHz. Safety Because this amplifier has AC parts, its construction is permitted only in the technical work of teachers. Even in this case, the device should be checked by experts before connecting it to the network. Although the equipment has been revised, it is worth remembering that even the only speaker outputs may at best affect almost 70V the effective voltage. Therefore, caution is necessary during building and operation. For instance, the speaker terminals should be protected against contact. Building instructions and testing of the amplifier circuit board components will be worth and an amplifier solder test in three stages: 1) The components of the power side, and all the cables signal cables except installed 2) any other circuit board components plus not only hybrid circuit STK 4231 3) STK 4231 placed and cooled, and the input signals the wires connected. Installation of the power-side components and testing should be done carefully. The transformer wires insulation must first be removed carefully or checked that this has already been done. Then the transformer conductors order is checked on the transformer side. The circuit board parts include STK4231II Hybrid, Led green, resistors of different values, ceramic and plastic capacitors, a rectifier, fuse holders and fuses, a coil, line voltage parts, potentiometer, RCA connectors, speaker output screws, and a cooling unit.
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