There are three Controls to be Adjusted to make a Proportional Flow Controller Perform Properly. This method has to be practiced and experience gained from it can be used to get very good and stable Control of the Flow or Velocity of a Fluid. This is the Actual Flow Rate of the fluid in the flow sensor or its path. It is very important that the Fl
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ow Sensor is placed at a position in the fluid circuit in such a way to avoid cushions which may lead to oscillations around the Setpoint. The Flow rate zone in which the Output is 4. 1mA to 19. 9mA which in turn Drives the AC-Drive >> Motor from 0% to 100% is the proportional Band. It is Given in % e. g. 50% PB of 200 lph SP is 100 lph. Band 150 lph 250 lph eg : The Motor is at 100% Drive on` till 150 lph and off` above 250 lph. ` Between 150 to 250 is the PB. A little above 150 the Motor reduces power gradually till at 250 it turns off. When SP=PV the output is 12mA (ideal) here the motor runs at 50% of the total power. The Motor / Drive Combination must at 12mA Control signal give a flow Rate at which the system is used for most of the time this gives good stability. The max flow rate setting required by system must be achievable at 80% of Motor Time Axis Power this is to make allowance for load and line regulations. The Flow Circuit should have normal resistance to flow to reduce Oscillations. Here is a 4-20 mA In/Out Analog Mux with Cascade option. This is a simple circuit i designed to make a Automation System within a budget. This takes 4-20mA from many Transmitters and gives out just one 4-20 mA output. The Mux is done with a digital byte or word. This is a slow scanner as process is slow, that way many analog inputs can be multiplexed and sent into one analog input of a D/A. In near real time systems a faster mux...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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