Light Sensing Circuits
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This flasher operates from a 12-volt car or boat battery. It offers 36 to 40-watts output, variable flash rate (up to 60 flashes per minute), independent control of both on and off cycles and photoelectric night and day control that turns the flasher on at.... -
The simple modulator stage will accommodate most common LEDs. By adjusting the potentiometer, the bias of the transistor is varied until the LED is at its half output point. Then, audio will cause it to vary above and below this point.. -
This circuit shows a 555 with its trigger and threshold inputs connected together used to energize a relay when the light level on a photoconductive cell falls below a preset value.. -
R2 sets the circuit"s threshold. When the light intensity at PCI"s surface is decreased, the resistance of PCI a cadmium-sulfide photo-resistor is increased. This decreases the voltage at the inverting input of the 741. When the reference voltage at the.... -
When the light incident on the LASCR is interrupted, the voltage at the anode to the 2N4990 unilateral switch goes positive on the next positive cycle of the power which in turn triggers the switch and the C230 SCR when the switching voltage of the.... -
The basic circuit can be operated at 80 kHz and is limited by the PUT capacitor combination. 60 kHz is the maximum modulation frequency. The pulse repetition rate is a linear function of Vin, the modulating voltage. Lenses or reflectors minimizes stray light.... -
An alternate LED driver which uses the 74F3040 line driver was incorporated in this particular application example. The 74F3040.has a higher current rating, but not the variable threshold capabilities at the NE522. The LED diode is operated in the.... -
This receiver uses the NE5212, the Signetics 10116 ECL line receiver, and the Phillips/Amperex BPF31 pin diode. The circuit is a capacitor-coupled receiver and utilizes positive feedback in the last stage to provide the hysteresis. The amount of hysteresis.... -
The circuit shows a simplex fiber link between the NE5080 transmitter and the NE5081 receiver. The components shown are for a center frequency of 5 MHz, although this frequency can be increased to 20 MHz with proper selection of external component values..... -
This two-chip receiver with minimum external component count has been designed for low-cost fiber optic applications to 100-M baud (50 MHz). The receiver is divided into pre-and postamplifier !Cs for increased stability. The preamplifier IC features low.... -
The optical signal is coupled to the pin diode. Current flowing in the diode also flows into the input of the NE5211 preamplifier. The preamplifier is a fixed-gain block that has a 28-K!J differential transimpedance and does a single-ended to differential.... -
A resonance-tuned narrow-band amplifier reduces this optical object detector"s sensitivity to stray light. C1 and L1 in IC2A"s feedback loop cause tbe op amp to pass only those frequencies at or near the LED"s 5-kHz modulation rate. .. -
A common method of transforming the output current of a photodiode into a voltage signal, paralleling the photodiode with a high-value load resistor, produces a nonlinear response. Also the combination of the load"s transresistance, Rr. and the.... -
This circuit puts out a pulse when an object on the conveyor belt blocks the light source. The light source keeps the phototran-sistor turned on. This produces a high-logic-level voltage at the Schmitt-trigger inverter and a TTL-compatible low logic level at.... -
Provides remote control for ac-powered devices by using the beam of a flashlight as a magic wand. The important aspect of this gadget is that it remembers. Activate it once to apply power to a device and it stays on. Activate it a second time and power goes.... -
Both circuits use the GE. SC146B, 200 V, 10 A Triac as load current contacts. These triacs are triggered by normal SBS (2N4992) trigger circuits, which are controlled by the photo-Darlington, acting through the DA806 bridge as an ac photo switch. To operate.... -
This transmitter uses a 741 op amp as a high-gain audio amplifier, which is driven by a microphone. The output of the 741 is coupled to Ql, which serves as the driver for a LED. Potentiometer R1 is the amplifier`s gain control. Miniature trimmer resistor R6.... -
This light-wave receiver consists of a 741 operated as a preamplifier and an LM386 operated as a power amplifier. Potentiometer R2 is the gain control. Various kinds of detectors can be used as the front end of the receiver. Phototransistors are very.... -
Using a simple 741 amplifier connected as a current-to-voltage converter with the LED as the current source, the voltage at the output is proportional to incident light. The junction is Q biased only by the difference between the output summing node junction.... -
The photodiode specified responds linearly to light intensity over a 100 dB range. Digitizing the diodes linearly amplified output would require an A-D converter with 17 bits of range. This requirement can be eliminated by logarithmically compressing the.... -
Capacitor Cl is connected continuously through the supply of 3 volts to 10 megohm resistor Rl. The capacitor is charged (relatively slowly) to 3 volts. The wink SWI is closed, it connects the charged capacitor (Cl) in series with C2 and R2. The capacitor C2.... -
Using only a NE: automatic light sensor circuit composed of 55 groups, so that people can rice lights, people take the lights off. } N supply route VD1, vS, C. , (1 and R. composition, power and (1, both ends of the Sichuan Hl 12V input DC .. -
NE555 time base circuit with AC solid state relay SSR may constitute automatic light switch circuit, the circuit shown in FIG. From the figure can be seen during the day due to incandescent EL photosensitive resistor circuit automatically fall off when the.. -
The following is a method to allow day and night detection using Infrared/Visible light sensitive phototransistors and a simple LM339 voltage comparator circuit. A phototransistor is mounted between the rails so that it is covered by the train as it passes..... -
I tried to design a timer that would do everything it needed to do but with the smallest number of pieces and simplest mode of operation. It only needs the PIC, a four digit LED display, one other IC, a resistor network, one pushbutton switch and a.... -
The first circuit energizes the relay when the light rises above the preset level. The second circuit energizes the relay when the light falls below the preset level. The two circuits are practically identical. The only difference between them is the.... -
This is an early picture of my discolight effect. Because of the AGC circuit theres no need for potentionmeters for sensitivity adjust. I replaced them with trimmers. Now the microphone is on the control electronics because theres no need to place it outside.... -
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From 230 V AC a DC supply of + 5 V is obtained. The power supply is given to the other blocks. The pulse generator at a particular frequency generates the clock pulses. The clock pulses are counted by a counter and gives output after every 10 pulses. The.... -
Integrated-circuit U1-an LF351 or 741 op amp-is used as a comparator to control the light. Resistors R2 and R3 provide a reference voltage of about 2.5 volts at pin 3 of U1. When daylight falls on light-dependent resistor LDR1, its resistance is low: about.... -
This circuit works REALLY well. Notice how it will fire even in complete silence. This provides a sort of automatic gain control... -
There is, and always has been, a marked lack of good, inexpensive lighting controllers for small theatre groups or musicians. The LX-800 Lighting System was designed with these applications in mind...
New Circuits
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This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of.... -
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is.... -
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to.... -
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This.... -
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the.... -
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,.... -
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the.... -
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power.... -
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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