Automation Circuits

These Categories include some comprehensive Automation circuits. Each automation category provides a focused treatment of specialized circuits of design automation. One area where discrete event systems are currently used is the design of control systems based on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). PLC technology is mostly evolving into some of those projects. Control functions of many types at many different levels. of complex systematic development of real industrial applications including modeling and control systems, Industrial practice, etc. For home automation or teaching purposes about Open Systems, Building Automation, Home Automation, Industrial, Transportation, Utility, Unique Solutions, etc.

Stepper Motor	Robotics	Relay Circuits
Remote Control	Direction Finder	Motor Control Circuits
Servo Circuits	Power Control

Compressor Protector

This circuit monitors the power-line (ac) voltage. When a power failure occurs, on restoration of power, the circuit a..

Optical Direction Discriminator Circuit

The very simple circuit uses only two CD4001 packages, i.e., eight NOR gates and operates in the following way: Pulse streams are fed to an RS flip flop generating an output waveform wliich has a small or large duty cycle depending on the direction of rotation, The same input pulses are also fed to a NOR gate, which adds the two pulse trains. The rising edges of this waveform are used to produce short positive pulses from the circuit consisting of Rl, CI, D3, and a NOR.....

Pwm-motor-controller

The PWM controller uses complementary half-H peripheral drivers SN75603 and SN75604, with totem-pole outputs rated at 40 V and 2.0 A. These drivers effectively place the motor in a full-bridge configuration, which has the ability to provide bidirectional control. Timer U1 operates in the astable mode at a frequency of 80Hz. The 100-0 discharge resistor results in an 8-p.s trigger pulse which is coupled to the trigger input of timer U2. Timer U2 serves as the PWM.....

Remote control Encoder M145026B-1

This encoder can generate up to 19,683 codes from 9 address lines by detecting 1,0, or open circuit. To initiate the transmit sequence, pin 14 should be pulsed low. The encoder will now output on pin 15 a data stream representing the condition on each of the address/data pins in turn and then repeat the operation, so that two complete identical words are transmitted. If pin 14 is held low, the output will be continuous, otherwise two identical words are output for each.....

Simple Relay Driver

You can use that circuit to drive a relay of 12 V with a trigering signal of 5V. It uses 2 diodes 1N4002, 1 transistor 2N3904 and two resistors...

Automatic-fan-speed-controller

The controller circuit can reduce a fan"s noise, power consumption, and wear, particularly in the presence of a low, fluctuating ambient temperature. Mount a temperature sensor in the fan"s airstream, and the circuit will adjust the fan speed as necessary to maintain a relatively constant sensor temperature. Input components Rl and Cl integrate the input square wave, producing a quasitriangular wave at the noninverting input of op amp IC1A. At this inverting input is a.....

Proximity Detector

In this proximity detector an NE567 tone decoder provides a signal of about 100 kHz that is fed to one sensor. The senso..

DC variable speed motor control

Dc power can also be controlled via fiberoptics. The circuit provides an insulated speed control path for a small dc actuator motor (< Vn hp). Control logic is a self-contained module requiring about 300 mW at 12 V, which can be battery powered. The control module furnishes infrared pulses, at a rate of 160 Hz, with a duty cycle determined by the position of the speed adjust potentiometer. The programmable unijunction multivibrator provides approximately 10 mA pulses to.....

Universal motor speed control

The resistor capacitor network R1-R2-C1 provides a ramp-type reference voltage superimposed on top of a dc voltage adjustable with the speed-setting potentiometer R2. This reference voltage appearing at the wiper of R2 is balanced against the residual counter emf of the motor through the SCR gate. As the motor slows down due to heavy loading, its counter emf falls, and the reference ramp triggers the SCR earlier in the ac cycle..

Audio operated relay

Ql and Q2 are general purpose transistors. The 10 K input pot is adjusted to a point just short of where Ql turns on as indicated by K pulling in. K is any 5 V reed relay. With the values shown for R (100 K) and C (47 Âµf), timing values from 5 to slightly over 5 seconds can be achieved..

Temperature controller

Temperature control is achieved using the REF-02 +5 V Reference/Thermometer and a CMP-02 Precision Low Input Current Comparator. The CMP-02 turns on a heating element driver (Ql) whenever the present temperature drops below a setpoint temperature determined by the ratio of Rl to R2..

Ir Reflection Proximity Switch

IR radiation from LED2 (modulated by a 1-kHz wave) is keyed by Ul, and Ql is radiated. Reflected IR energy i..

Three-phase factor controller

The modified power-factor controller, developed at the Marshall Space Flight Center, employs a phase detector for each of the three phase windings of a delta-connected induction motor. The phase-difference sum is the basis for control. ..

Ultrasonic Remote Control Receiver Circuit

A GC Electronics P/N J4-815 transducer is used to receive 40-kHz acoustic remote-control signals...

Ac-relay

When zero voltage switching is not required, methods of providing this function are illustrated. The lowest parts count version of a solid-state relay is an optoisolator, the triac driver HlU. Unfortunately, the ability of the Hll} to drive a load on a 60-Hz line is severely limited by its power dissipation and the dynamic characteristics of the detector. These factors limit applications to 30 -50 mA resistive loads on 120 Vac, and slightly higher values at lower.....

Bi-directional motor control

The control of both direction and of proportional motor speed is achieved by rotation of a single potentiometer. The motor driver is an SGS integrated circuit L293 which will drive up to 1 amp in either direction, depending on the logic state of input 1 and input 2 as per table. I/P 1 I/P 2 Function. High Low Motor turns one way. Low High Motor reverses. By applying a variable M/S ratio flip-flop to these inputs, both speed and direction will be controlled. With RV1 in its.....

Induction-motor control

This single time-constant circuit can be used as proportional speed control for induction motors such as shaded pole or permanent split-capacitor motors when the load is fixed..

Mini-Drill Control

This circuit is intended as a revolution control for small dc motors as fitted, for instance, in small electric drills (..

Servo motor drive amplifier

Digital ICs and opto-isolators provide the drive for this TMOS servo amplifier, resulting in fewer analog circuits and less drift. Fast and consistent turn-on and turn-off characteristics also enable accurate analog output results directly from the digital signal without the need for analog feedback. An "H" bridge configuration is employed for the servo amplifier, which obtains complementary PWM inputs from digital control circuits. The PWM inputs are applied via.....