Simple AVR Programmers
The AVR programming ecosystem includes several distinct devices tailored for various applications, each with unique interfaces and functionalities.
1. **LPT Controlled Parallel Programmer**: This device utilizes the parallel port of a PC to program AVR microcontrollers. It connects directly to the microcontroller's programming pins, allowing for fast data transfer and programming. The LPT programmer typically includes a set of resistors and transistors to level shift the signals from the parallel port to the appropriate voltage levels required by the AVR microcontroller.
2. **LPT Controlled ISP Adapter**: Similar to the parallel programmer, this adapter is designed for In-System Programming (ISP) of AVR microcontrollers. It connects to the microcontroller while it is still on its target board, facilitating programming without the need for removal. The ISP adapter is built with a series of capacitors and diodes to filter signals and protect against voltage spikes, ensuring reliable programming.
3. **COM Controlled ISP Adapter**: This adapter employs the serial COM port (RS-232) to interface with AVR microcontrollers. It is particularly useful for systems lacking a parallel port. The COM controlled ISP adapter can be designed with a MAX232 chip or similar level shifter to convert the RS-232 voltage levels to TTL levels suitable for the microcontroller. This allows for reliable programming and communication.
4. **COM Controlled Generic SPI Bridge**: This device serves as a bridge for Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) communication between a host PC and target devices. It can be employed to program AVR microcontrollers via the SPI interface or to communicate with other SPI peripherals. The bridge typically includes a microcontroller that interprets commands from the COM port and translates them into SPI signals, facilitating seamless communication.
Additionally, the COM controlled adapters have the added functionality of serving as communication cables. This enables the host PC to send commands and receive data from the target board, which is invaluable for debugging and testing applications. The implementation of these programmers and adapters allows for versatile programming and debugging solutions in a variety of environments, enhancing the development process for AVR microcontroller-based projects.These are simple AVR programmers. I designed and built four different programmers for various envilonments: LPT controlled parallel programmer, LPT controlled ISP adapter, COM controlled ISP adapter and COM controlled generic SPI bridge. Additionaly, COM controlled adapters can be used as a communication cable between host PC and target board, it is useful for debugging.
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