By means of a Relay, employed to drive a water pump, this circuit provides automatic level control of a water reservoir or well. The shorter steel rod is the "water high" sensor, whereas the longer is the "water low" sensor. When the water level is below....

A very simple high power alarm driver electronic project can be designed using this circuit diagram. This high power alarm driver electronic project is based on low power SCR which trigger a high power SCR. When a switch is opening (S2, S3, S4) or closing....

Software such as that available on PGM-Fi. org and from Hondata make use of the Honda ECU`s oxygen sensor input to allow real time display and data logging of wideband oxygen sensors. This involves feeding the analogue output of the wideband sensor`s....

Capacitive touch sensors are based on the electrical capacitance of the human body. When, for example, a finger comes close to the sensor, it creates a capacitance to Earth with a value of 30 to 100 pF. This effect can be used for proximity detection and....

The bar graph - a series of LEDs in a line, such as you see on an audio display - is a common hardware display for analog sensors. It`s made up of a series of LEDs in a row, an analog input like a potentiometer, and a little code in between. You can buy....

An analog input is a measurable electrical signal with a defined range that is generated by a sensor and received by a controller. The analog input changes continuously in a definable manner in relation to the measured property. The analog signals generated....

The AD592 is a two terminal monolithic integrated circuit temperature transducer that provides an output current proportional to absolute temperature. For a wide range of supply voltages the transducer acts as a high impedance temperature dependent current....

Bridged resistive sensing elements is common in resistive type sensors/transducers. This sensor type need a biasing voltage to operate. LM10 provide low....

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The Arduino microcontroller board is able to supply a current of 40mA from its output connections. These digital outputs are fixed at 5V ON  or 0V OFF . This is adequate for working with LEDs but devices such as motors, solenoids, high brightness LEDs etc.....

Initially I chose another infrared sensor for test, PIR Motion Sensor, which was to detect any motion in front of the sensor but it turened out not so sensitive. So that I looked at this QRD1114 IR Sensor for substitute. In this test, I used both as digital....

You "see" colors, geometry, distance, spatial continuity and discontinuity, motion, connectedness and adjacency. These notions are built into the ways in which you experience and think about the world. You interpret the information returned to your senses....

A real cheap glove interface, that still achieves considerable accuracy while improving the comfortability. Essentially, I purchased a bunch of PowerGloves (PG`s), took out the flex sensors, inserted them in sheaths on a lycra glove and suit, hooked them up....

there are countless applications for use of this hardware. Touch pad, proximity sensors, readout of capacitive sensors, extreme precision capacitance measurement, ultra small capacitance change detection, soil moisture, skin moisture measurement are just....

A series resistor, and a bypass capacitor along with a zener in parallel with the hall sensor to clamp transients that still get through. I use hall sensors here at work on a daily basis. After 15 years of working with them, I know that they`re generally....

The design of this project depends on the sensors. The control module and the robot both contain sensors. The computer, in turn, analyzes the signals to make the appropriate output actions. As previously mentioned, the potentiometers are the sensors on the....

Using this schematic electronic project can be designed a very simple water level indicator electronic circuit that uses a 7-segment display to indicate the water level (low, half and full)in the tank. This water level indicator electronic circuit shows the....

A new generation of intelligent, scriptable sensors/controllers is around the corner. Up to date, the classical approach at the heart of many simple machines consisted of separated thermometer and control units. By contrast, my design is a unified....

This circuit have applied to line detection of robot project, Good match between the transmitter and the detector is important for proper operation, especially if the hole is large. Robot with a simple object or obstacle detection. Infrared Transmitter....

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This two-part article describes how to use a simple voltage divider circuit with a thermistor to achieve high-accuracy temperature readings over broad measurement ranges. Part one discusses the circuit and various temperature estimation methods....

The Supertex HV7370 is a four-channel, high speed, high voltage, ultrasound transmitter damper, and the HV748 is a four-channel, high speed, high voltage ultrasound transmitter pulser. Both integrated circuits (ICs) are designed for medical ultrasound....

The circuit uses two LDRs which are placed one after another (separated by a distance of say half a metre) so that they may separately sense a person going into the room or coming out of the room. Outputs of the two LDR sensors, after processing, are used in....

SK1901 is a semiconductor integrated circuit utilizing the Hall effect. It has been so designed as to operate in the alternating magnetic field especially at low supply voltage and operation over extended temperature ranges to +125. This Hall IC is suitable....

The program in the microcontroller knows two protocols; the one wire bus used by the DS1820 temperature sensor, and the serial protocol expected by your computer. Once power is applied, the program fetches data from the sensors and sends it to the serial....

A couple of few years ago I had build a diode-sensor based RF powermeter using a 68HC11 microprocessor. Even before that I had build an analog RF powermeter with thermal power sensor. And I found datasheets of logarithmic amplifiers very interesting, that....

This smoke detector circuit diagram is based on the SD2 CMOS Photo-Electric Smoke Detector Integrated Circuit manufactured by Supertex INC and include almost all needed components to build a very simple and high efficiency smoke detector project. The LED....

Bicycle sensors provide two main purposes: to record the motion of the bicycle in order to assist with collision reconstruction, and to relay signals to the bicycle controls to keep the bicycle on course. This will pose several component requirements, as the....

This is a simple alarm circuit which produces a musical tone when water or some conducting liquid comes in contact with the two sensor wires provided. The circuit is based on four transistors and one melody generator IC (M 3482). When water comes in contact....

Detecting colour of an object can be an interesting and useful electronic application. It can be realized using a colour sensor like TCS3200 and a general purpose microcontroller like AVR ATmega32. TCS3200 chip is designed to detect the colour of light....

Currently working on an insect robot project. my first robotics project! I`m looking into 2 methods of detecting obstacles i. e. IR and Ultrasound. I cannot seem to choose at this point in time! Can someone give me some guidelines as to which is more....