New Circuits Page 134
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This circuit lights up ten bulbs sequentially, first in one direc- tion and then in the opposite direction, thus presenting a nice visual effect. In this circuit, gates N1 and N2 form an oscillator. The output of this oscillator is used as a clock for BCD....
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In most digital electronics projects that uses different kinds of switches, switch bounces are commonly encountered. These are extra glitches after the real switch operation. These are tiny pulses that affect the actual operation of the circuit like....
-
-
Hydrophone is similar with microphone, except that it is used in underwater environment. Off course a hydrophone can be used to pick up sound in air, but it will be less sensitive since it`s mechanical-acoustical properties is design to match the acoustical....
-
A light-seeking solar-powered tiny robot based on a BEAM design. Article includes pictures, links, a video, and a schematic....
-
We know that microcontroller is an integrated chip which consists of RAM, ROM, CPU, TIMERS, COUNTERS etc. PIC is a microcontroller which also consists of RAM, ROM, CPU, timers, counter, ADC (analog to digital converters), DAC (digital to analog..
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An audio equalizer circuit is used to adjust the frequency response of an audio signal. This is a simple equalizer circuit for controlling the bass and treble (tone) of an audio amplifier. For use this equalizer circuit in amplifier, equalizer`s output....
-
This add-on circuit enables remote switching on/off of battery-operated toy cars with the help of a TV/video remote control handset operating at 30 40 kHz. When the circuit is energised from a 6V battery, the decade counter CD4017 (IC2), which is configured....
-
Since modern sound systems usually lack inputs for record players, separate MD preampliers are becoming increasingly popular. They are needed not only by people who still regularly like to listen to vinyl records, but also by those who want tonally....
-
The new TNT features both pre-amp and output gain selection switches, selectable 8watt and 2 watt output, "interlink" master volume control, bass and treble controls and "auto-aligning" output stage that automatically adjusts for 8 ohm or 16 ohm loads....
-
-
This simple design has very low noise, close to the theoretical minimum, high hum rejection and variable gain with a single rotary pot. It is similar to that used in many professional grade mixing desks and can form the basis of a no compromise recording....
-
This digital DIY tachometer for bikes uses two reed switches to get the speed information of the bicycle. The reed switches are installed near the rim of....
-
I have a project in which i will control the speed of the electric fan (220Vac, 60W, 5A max.) through the microcontroller automatically depending on....
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In this tutorial, I will show you how to write a very simple program. I am assuming that you have written ladder logic before, and that you have some basic familiarity with microcontrollers, but that you have never used LDmicro. If you don`t know very much....
-
-
The E1T tube you see on the left has been "in the family" for as long as I can remember. Probably my father took it home from work (he worked at the Shell laboratory in Rotterdam) or he bought it in one of the surplus shops in Rotterdam my father and I used....
-
This circuit is designed to amplify the input from a telescopic whip antenna. The preamplifier is designed to cover the medium waveband from about 550Khz to 1650Khz. The tuning voltage required is 1 to 12 volts and can be obtained from a 10k potentiometer....
-
This 1-chip module can generate 9 different melodies. It is normally used as a doorbell, an acoustic signalling device or as a telephone "wait" melody. Once switch S1 is pressed the IC plays the melodies one after the other. It will stop after the last....
-
There are many ultrasonic pest repellent devices available on the market but a major drawback is that their power output is low and their effectiveness suf....
-
Using this circuit, you can change the speed of the fan from your couch or bed. Infrared receiver module TSOP1738 is used to receive the infrared signal transmitted by remote control. The circuit is powered by regulated 9V. The AC mains is stepped down by....
-
This is Single Cell LED Flashlight circuit. This circuit uses white LED that has best power-efficiency combination at about 20mA and requires abut 3.3V. Each....
-
In this circuit, a diode bridge is used as a meter rectifier. The offset voltage is compensated for by the op amp, since the bridge is in the feedback network. ..
-
-
This is a Constant Current Source LED Driver, When the LED driver Upper-NPN is driven by a voltage thru 4. 7K the LED lights up. Assume that the Lower-NPN at bottom is absent. The current via LED and NPN is limited by R. 20mA may be ok 15mA even better. Or....
-
By now many audio DIYers would be familiar with "What Compressor ", a project that apparently had its origins in one man`s dissatisfaction with Alesis` 3630 compressor and his fascination with a friend`s Joe Meek device. DeeT, as he calls himself, generously....
-
A very high quality intercom, which may also be used for room monitoring....
-
This timer was designed for people wanting to get tanned but at the same time wishing to avoid an excessive exposure to sunlight. A Rotary Switch sets the timer according to six classified Photo-types (see table). A Photo resistor extends the preset time....
-
Simon18F is a project to replace the custom MB4850 processor of the MB Electronics Simon game with a PIC18F2550; initially to emulate the original Simon games and, later, to enhance the existing games and add new ones. The Simon18F processor board is based....
-
This LASER is constructed on a polystirene sheet. An alluminium layer foil is placed and acts as a ground plate ( - ), this is important for preionization (i will discuss it later). After that the dielectic is placed on it leaving 1 cm from each border of....
-
Now that I have these power supplies, wouldn`t it be nice to evaluate their performance Traditionally you connect an adjustable load (a "beefy" resistor) to the output and measure both the output voltage and the current in a number of spots. Then it`s easy....
-
Presented FM transmitter bug is built using BF414 / BF324 / BF606 transistor. The 30cm antenna has a range of about 30m in the building, more in the open field. Power supply 2x AAA batteries have been used with voltage of 2.75 V. I added resistor 10K in....
-
This white LED flood lights illuminates your porch with cool white light. The circuit is too simple and energy saving design. Its current consumption is pr....
-
How to drive an dot matrix led display. This project shows you how to drive one with 64 LEDs (8 rows by 8 columns) or less e.g. 35 LEDs (7 rows by 5 columns)....
-
-
It`s a typical AMV (Astable MultiVibrator) setup. The capacitor gets charged through both resistors until 2/3 Vcc is reached (internal comparator level). This sets a flip-flop which activates the Discharge output (DIS). Through DIS and the potentiometer, the....
-
We aim to transmit more information by carrying articles. Please send us an E-mail to wanghuali@hqew. net within 15 days if we are involved in the problems of article content, copyright or other problems. We will delete it soon. ..
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-
This circuit is intended for precision centigrade temperature measurement, with a transmitter section converting to frequency the sensor`s output voltage, which is proportional to the measured temperature. The output frequency bursts are conveyed into the....
-
The TMS320F2812 EVALUATION BOARD is specially desgined for developers in dsp field as well as beginners. The F2812 kit is designed in such way that all the possible features of the DSP will be easily used by the everyone. The TMS320F2812 EVB board has Eight....
-
This circuit not only indicates the amount of water present in the overhead tank but also gives an alarm when the tank is full. The circuit uses the widely available CD4066, bilateral switch CMOS IC to indicate the water level through LEDs. When the water is....
-
Ultra simple circuit of the tilt sensor alarm presented here can be fabricated using readily available inexpensive components. The circuit is a true transistor based design. Home made Tilt sensor for this circuit is an ordinary little glass/plastic bottle....
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-
-
This is probably the simplest radio transmitter that you will find anywhere. It has a total of five parts and can be constructed into a very small space. It is great for science fair projects or other science related projects where short range transmission....
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It is a complex component to say the least. It is as if it is composed of 3 caps being 2 virtual plus the known cap itself. On my first graph I am showing the log of the progess of the running and sucessfull version shown on my youtube videos. Voltage is....
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Here is a simple toggle switch that can be operated through sound signals such as whistle or clap. The output of the toggle remains either low or high unti....
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Telephone ring amplifier of Service Speaker phone ringing bell Circuit diagram Electronic items Resistance of 33 kilo ohms 2 Resistance 47 Kilo Ohm...
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I got frustrated and decided to hook it up to a 15v supply and jump R3 with a clip-on soldering heat sink. 555`s smell great when you fry`em. I have about 9 more tries before I run out of parts, but for now I will seek help in the forums and stick to the....
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This circuit uses a Cmos 4017 decade counter to create a sequence of four separate events. The number of events in the sequence may be increased to nine or ten. And the length of each event is controlled independently. D13 causes the sequence to repeat....
-
LA4440 is a dual channel audio amplifier IC. It can be used in two modes one is Stereo amplifier and another Bridge amplifier mode. The LA4440 is a monolithic linear IC from Sanyo. Here I give the both circuit mode of amplifier using IC LA4440. C10 is filter....
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Hi!!! What is the frequency (through Low Pass Filter) recomended for the contrast of a LCD? I want to control the contrast of a LCD with the PWM of a....
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Radio Control Circuits Pdf Manual PDF Download...
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The full GSM thermostat is managed by a Microchip PIC18F46K20-I/PT microcontroller, programmed with a firmware that controls the temperature and takes care of the communication with the GSM module which is the component named GSM; this is, in fact the small....
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These circuits are often used in robotics to allow DC motors to run forwards, backwards and to give electric break(short circuit condition). H bridges are available as integrated circuits, or can be built from discrete components as figure 1...
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It signals that the phone is in use by lighting a red LED. When the phone is not in use, a green LED is lit. It needs no external power and can be connected anywhere on the phone line, even mounted inside the phone. 4. The ring voltage on a phone line is....
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This is the working prototype. The eagle files have some minor changes made to it. Fixed some mistakes and re-positioned a few parts. This one is for the phreakers of the past. A simple Arduino shield to decode DTMF tones using an audio input. It can easily....
-
-
The circuit below is a standard oscillator of the Colpitts variety. Similar circuits have been used in many ham radio homebrew transmitters. This particular circuit should function well at frequencies from 1500 kHz to 8000 kHz. For use on lower frequencies,....
-
The cell we will use for our solar tracking experiment is made from crystalline silicon and has a maximum voltage rating of. 55V and a maximum current rating of 300 ma. The cell can be picked up in your local Radio Shack for about $5. Although the cell....
-
This circuit is a modified version of an original interface on QSL Net. It is a fully isolated interface allowing computer control of the Trio/Kenwood R5000 receiver. Separate software is needed to control the receiver. The R5000 receiver is an all-mode full....
-
This LM10 circuit can be used as low voltage low current voltage source or reference. This circuit regulate the voltage from the power supply to give a very....
-
This is design for charger circuit that is suitable for lead-acid battery, including flooded, gel, and AGM types. This circuit is simple design. This is the figure of the circuit. The automatic term means that this charger will stop charging automatically....
-
A relay is an isolated switch, there is no connection between the switching device and the connection. Relay is often used when controlling high voltage devices so that the intricate low voltage devices will not be damaged. There are many types of relays but....
-
Each CdS cell acts as a variable resistor in a single variable phase-shift circuit and there are six such individual phase shifters arranged in series, each increasing the overall shift. The LED`s brightness is modulated by an oscillator (bottom section of....
-
Personal Radar System using PIC MIcrocontroller PIC18f452 is a microcontroller hobby project. The circuit diagram of radar is attached here below seemed a little bit simple schematic but you need careful reading of PIC18f452 radar circuit to avoid any....
-
Using a single op-amp this easy to make equalizer offers three ranges, low frequency, mid frequency, and high. With component values shown there is approximately +/-20dB of boost or cut at frequencies of 50Hz, 1kHz and 10kHz. Supply voltage may be anything....
-
A number of simple FM devices, (without the use of a crystal) and showed how the power and frequency depends on a number of factors including the voltage of the supply and the design of the stages. The broad term given to the oscillator stage of these....
-
A Prototype Sample and Hold Circuit -The original idea for the veto front end amps was to continually sample the input pulse height and hold the pulse height for any pulses passing a low voltage threshold (~10mV). This mixed analog and digital circuit was....
-
-
This circuit is intended to signal, through a flashing LED, the exceeding of a fixed threshold in room noise, chosen from three fixed levels, namely 50, 70 & 85 dB. Two Op-amps provide the necessary circuit gain for sounds picked-up by a miniature electret....
-
-
This be Power Pulse Generator Circuit, by use the integrated circuit NE555 be Square wave Oscillator Generator. Fine the frequency done to a turn R1. From that time send output go to still transistor 2N2222 control give IC LM350T work have voltage come out....
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-
-
You probably know that LM317 IC is used as an adjustable voltage regulator, but did you know it can be used as an audio amplifier? This is a class A audio amplifier built with LM317 that delivers a maximum 1W audio power. Use a good heatsin....
-
BlinkMs are a lot of fun by themselves, but they`re also little network devices, each having its own address on an I2C network. Here`s where I think BlinkM can really shine since it makes controlling multiple RGB LEDs pretty easy. For Maker Faire, I wanted....
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-
-
LM4880 is HiFi dual audio amplifier IC from National Semiconductors. This IC is specifically designed to produce high quality audio output with a minimum number of external components. LM4880 is capable of delivering 250mW per channel into an 8 ohm load. The....
-
This is a circuit of board system monitoring for temperature and voltage condition. It uses the NE1617A. The NE1617A is a 2 channel temperature sensor. It can...
-
-
This is a similar circuit to the above and provides a 4 LED bar graph indicating the voltage of a common 3. 6 volt Lithium - Ion recharable cell phone battery. The reference voltage is provided by a TL431 programmable voltage source which is set to 3. 9....
-
In battery-powered applications, like cell phones, PDAs, digital cameras, etc. , an integrated dc-dc converter circuit solution offers several advantages in terms of cost, size, and design complexity. A critical hurdle in obtaining a fully integrated....
-
-
Widely available AA NiMH battery chargers are in the market, even those already in a single package that can be used to charge other battery types such as NiCd, NiCad, and other types. Battery charger in this project is designed for two AA NiMH or NiCd cells....
-
This is a circuit design for PWM Speed DC Motor Rotation circuit. This circuit has two functions, Forward-Reverse and Regenerative Braking function. This circuit is control by MOSFET. This is the figure of the circuit; On this circuit, we can control the....
-
This battery charger circuit can be used to charge one or more batteries with the total nominal voltage of 12 V, meaning ten NiCd battery or six 2 V lead a....
-
-
-
Definition appears very much importance in pairs. ecotherm insulation Trigger on october, at thecircuit. Also in pairs of angle, angle a half adder. in the parallel adder switches. Logicconnection diagram from parallel bcd for block diagram. reversible....
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The inspiration for the project came after attending the HamRadio 2000, Millenium Ham Meet @ Hyderabad (December 22, 23 & 24) where I met Grand Masters like VU2NR and VU2RM, OM Raju and OM Rao respectively. VU2NR`s newest design the NR-80 inspired me on....
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The term amplifier as used in this article can mean either a circuit (or stage) using a single active device or a complete system such as a packaged audio hi-fi amplifier. An electronic amplifier is a device for increasing the power of a signal. It does this....
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This is a 25 Watt basic power amp that was designed to be (relatively) easy to build at a reasonable cost. It has better performance than the standard STK module amps that are used in practically every mass market stereo receiver manufactured today....
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Presents a family of IF voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) to cover the frequency range from 45MHz to 650MHz. The ICs are in 6-pin SOT23 packages. Phase noise is -100dBc/Hz for the MAX2608 at 300MHz to 500MHz. An off-chip inductor sets the operating....
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-
This circuit is intended for precision centigrade temperature measurement, with a transmitter section converting to frequency the sensor`s output voltage, which is proportional to the measured temperature. The output frequency bursts are conveyed into the....
This circuit lights up ten bulbs sequentially, first in one direc- tion and then in the opposite direction, thus presenting a nice visual effect. In this circuit, gates N1 and N2 form an oscillator. The output of this oscillator is used as a clock for BCD....
In most digital electronics projects that uses different kinds of switches, switch bounces are commonly encountered. These are extra glitches after the real switch operation. These are tiny pulses that affect the actual operation of the circuit like....
Hydrophone is similar with microphone, except that it is used in underwater environment. Off course a hydrophone can be used to pick up sound in air, but it will be less sensitive since it`s mechanical-acoustical properties is design to match the acoustical....
A light-seeking solar-powered tiny robot based on a BEAM design. Article includes pictures, links, a video, and a schematic....
We know that microcontroller is an integrated chip which consists of RAM, ROM, CPU, TIMERS, COUNTERS etc. PIC is a microcontroller which also consists of RAM, ROM, CPU, timers, counter, ADC (analog to digital converters), DAC (digital to analog..
An audio equalizer circuit is used to adjust the frequency response of an audio signal. This is a simple equalizer circuit for controlling the bass and treble (tone) of an audio amplifier. For use this equalizer circuit in amplifier, equalizer`s output....
This add-on circuit enables remote switching on/off of battery-operated toy cars with the help of a TV/video remote control handset operating at 30 40 kHz. When the circuit is energised from a 6V battery, the decade counter CD4017 (IC2), which is configured....
Since modern sound systems usually lack inputs for record players, separate MD preampliers are becoming increasingly popular. They are needed not only by people who still regularly like to listen to vinyl records, but also by those who want tonally....
The new TNT features both pre-amp and output gain selection switches, selectable 8watt and 2 watt output, "interlink" master volume control, bass and treble controls and "auto-aligning" output stage that automatically adjusts for 8 ohm or 16 ohm loads....
This simple design has very low noise, close to the theoretical minimum, high hum rejection and variable gain with a single rotary pot. It is similar to that used in many professional grade mixing desks and can form the basis of a no compromise recording....
This digital DIY tachometer for bikes uses two reed switches to get the speed information of the bicycle. The reed switches are installed near the rim of....
I have a project in which i will control the speed of the electric fan (220Vac, 60W, 5A max.) through the microcontroller automatically depending on....
In this tutorial, I will show you how to write a very simple program. I am assuming that you have written ladder logic before, and that you have some basic familiarity with microcontrollers, but that you have never used LDmicro. If you don`t know very much....
The E1T tube you see on the left has been "in the family" for as long as I can remember. Probably my father took it home from work (he worked at the Shell laboratory in Rotterdam) or he bought it in one of the surplus shops in Rotterdam my father and I used....
This circuit is designed to amplify the input from a telescopic whip antenna. The preamplifier is designed to cover the medium waveband from about 550Khz to 1650Khz. The tuning voltage required is 1 to 12 volts and can be obtained from a 10k potentiometer....
This 1-chip module can generate 9 different melodies. It is normally used as a doorbell, an acoustic signalling device or as a telephone "wait" melody. Once switch S1 is pressed the IC plays the melodies one after the other. It will stop after the last....
There are many ultrasonic pest repellent devices available on the market but a major drawback is that their power output is low and their effectiveness suf....
Using this circuit, you can change the speed of the fan from your couch or bed. Infrared receiver module TSOP1738 is used to receive the infrared signal transmitted by remote control. The circuit is powered by regulated 9V. The AC mains is stepped down by....
This is Single Cell LED Flashlight circuit. This circuit uses white LED that has best power-efficiency combination at about 20mA and requires abut 3.3V. Each....
In this circuit, a diode bridge is used as a meter rectifier. The offset voltage is compensated for by the op amp, since the bridge is in the feedback network. ..
This is a Constant Current Source LED Driver, When the LED driver Upper-NPN is driven by a voltage thru 4. 7K the LED lights up. Assume that the Lower-NPN at bottom is absent. The current via LED and NPN is limited by R. 20mA may be ok 15mA even better. Or....
By now many audio DIYers would be familiar with "What Compressor ", a project that apparently had its origins in one man`s dissatisfaction with Alesis` 3630 compressor and his fascination with a friend`s Joe Meek device. DeeT, as he calls himself, generously....
This timer was designed for people wanting to get tanned but at the same time wishing to avoid an excessive exposure to sunlight. A Rotary Switch sets the timer according to six classified Photo-types (see table). A Photo resistor extends the preset time....
Simon18F is a project to replace the custom MB4850 processor of the MB Electronics Simon game with a PIC18F2550; initially to emulate the original Simon games and, later, to enhance the existing games and add new ones. The Simon18F processor board is based....
This LASER is constructed on a polystirene sheet. An alluminium layer foil is placed and acts as a ground plate ( - ), this is important for preionization (i will discuss it later). After that the dielectic is placed on it leaving 1 cm from each border of....
Now that I have these power supplies, wouldn`t it be nice to evaluate their performance Traditionally you connect an adjustable load (a "beefy" resistor) to the output and measure both the output voltage and the current in a number of spots. Then it`s easy....
Presented FM transmitter bug is built using BF414 / BF324 / BF606 transistor. The 30cm antenna has a range of about 30m in the building, more in the open field. Power supply 2x AAA batteries have been used with voltage of 2.75 V. I added resistor 10K in....
This white LED flood lights illuminates your porch with cool white light. The circuit is too simple and energy saving design. Its current consumption is pr....
How to drive an dot matrix led display. This project shows you how to drive one with 64 LEDs (8 rows by 8 columns) or less e.g. 35 LEDs (7 rows by 5 columns)....
It`s a typical AMV (Astable MultiVibrator) setup. The capacitor gets charged through both resistors until 2/3 Vcc is reached (internal comparator level). This sets a flip-flop which activates the Discharge output (DIS). Through DIS and the potentiometer, the....
We aim to transmit more information by carrying articles. Please send us an E-mail to wanghuali@hqew. net within 15 days if we are involved in the problems of article content, copyright or other problems. We will delete it soon. ..
This circuit is intended for precision centigrade temperature measurement, with a transmitter section converting to frequency the sensor`s output voltage, which is proportional to the measured temperature. The output frequency bursts are conveyed into the....
The TMS320F2812 EVALUATION BOARD is specially desgined for developers in dsp field as well as beginners. The F2812 kit is designed in such way that all the possible features of the DSP will be easily used by the everyone. The TMS320F2812 EVB board has Eight....
This circuit not only indicates the amount of water present in the overhead tank but also gives an alarm when the tank is full. The circuit uses the widely available CD4066, bilateral switch CMOS IC to indicate the water level through LEDs. When the water is....
Ultra simple circuit of the tilt sensor alarm presented here can be fabricated using readily available inexpensive components. The circuit is a true transistor based design. Home made Tilt sensor for this circuit is an ordinary little glass/plastic bottle....
This is probably the simplest radio transmitter that you will find anywhere. It has a total of five parts and can be constructed into a very small space. It is great for science fair projects or other science related projects where short range transmission....
Here is a simple toggle switch that can be operated through sound signals such as whistle or clap. The output of the toggle remains either low or high unti....
Telephone ring amplifier of Service Speaker phone ringing bell Circuit diagram Electronic items Resistance of 33 kilo ohms 2 Resistance 47 Kilo Ohm...
I got frustrated and decided to hook it up to a 15v supply and jump R3 with a clip-on soldering heat sink. 555`s smell great when you fry`em. I have about 9 more tries before I run out of parts, but for now I will seek help in the forums and stick to the....
This circuit uses a Cmos 4017 decade counter to create a sequence of four separate events. The number of events in the sequence may be increased to nine or ten. And the length of each event is controlled independently. D13 causes the sequence to repeat....
LA4440 is a dual channel audio amplifier IC. It can be used in two modes one is Stereo amplifier and another Bridge amplifier mode. The LA4440 is a monolithic linear IC from Sanyo. Here I give the both circuit mode of amplifier using IC LA4440. C10 is filter....
Hi!!! What is the frequency (through Low Pass Filter) recomended for the contrast of a LCD? I want to control the contrast of a LCD with the PWM of a....
The full GSM thermostat is managed by a Microchip PIC18F46K20-I/PT microcontroller, programmed with a firmware that controls the temperature and takes care of the communication with the GSM module which is the component named GSM; this is, in fact the small....
These circuits are often used in robotics to allow DC motors to run forwards, backwards and to give electric break(short circuit condition). H bridges are available as integrated circuits, or can be built from discrete components as figure 1...
It signals that the phone is in use by lighting a red LED. When the phone is not in use, a green LED is lit. It needs no external power and can be connected anywhere on the phone line, even mounted inside the phone. 4. The ring voltage on a phone line is....
This is the working prototype. The eagle files have some minor changes made to it. Fixed some mistakes and re-positioned a few parts. This one is for the phreakers of the past. A simple Arduino shield to decode DTMF tones using an audio input. It can easily....
The circuit below is a standard oscillator of the Colpitts variety. Similar circuits have been used in many ham radio homebrew transmitters. This particular circuit should function well at frequencies from 1500 kHz to 8000 kHz. For use on lower frequencies,....
The cell we will use for our solar tracking experiment is made from crystalline silicon and has a maximum voltage rating of. 55V and a maximum current rating of 300 ma. The cell can be picked up in your local Radio Shack for about $5. Although the cell....
This circuit is a modified version of an original interface on QSL Net. It is a fully isolated interface allowing computer control of the Trio/Kenwood R5000 receiver. Separate software is needed to control the receiver. The R5000 receiver is an all-mode full....
This LM10 circuit can be used as low voltage low current voltage source or reference. This circuit regulate the voltage from the power supply to give a very....
This is design for charger circuit that is suitable for lead-acid battery, including flooded, gel, and AGM types. This circuit is simple design. This is the figure of the circuit. The automatic term means that this charger will stop charging automatically....
A relay is an isolated switch, there is no connection between the switching device and the connection. Relay is often used when controlling high voltage devices so that the intricate low voltage devices will not be damaged. There are many types of relays but....
Each CdS cell acts as a variable resistor in a single variable phase-shift circuit and there are six such individual phase shifters arranged in series, each increasing the overall shift. The LED`s brightness is modulated by an oscillator (bottom section of....
Personal Radar System using PIC MIcrocontroller PIC18f452 is a microcontroller hobby project. The circuit diagram of radar is attached here below seemed a little bit simple schematic but you need careful reading of PIC18f452 radar circuit to avoid any....
Using a single op-amp this easy to make equalizer offers three ranges, low frequency, mid frequency, and high. With component values shown there is approximately +/-20dB of boost or cut at frequencies of 50Hz, 1kHz and 10kHz. Supply voltage may be anything....
A number of simple FM devices, (without the use of a crystal) and showed how the power and frequency depends on a number of factors including the voltage of the supply and the design of the stages. The broad term given to the oscillator stage of these....
A Prototype Sample and Hold Circuit -The original idea for the veto front end amps was to continually sample the input pulse height and hold the pulse height for any pulses passing a low voltage threshold (~10mV). This mixed analog and digital circuit was....
This circuit is intended to signal, through a flashing LED, the exceeding of a fixed threshold in room noise, chosen from three fixed levels, namely 50, 70 & 85 dB. Two Op-amps provide the necessary circuit gain for sounds picked-up by a miniature electret....
This be Power Pulse Generator Circuit, by use the integrated circuit NE555 be Square wave Oscillator Generator. Fine the frequency done to a turn R1. From that time send output go to still transistor 2N2222 control give IC LM350T work have voltage come out....
You probably know that LM317 IC is used as an adjustable voltage regulator, but did you know it can be used as an audio amplifier? This is a class A audio amplifier built with LM317 that delivers a maximum 1W audio power. Use a good heatsin....
BlinkMs are a lot of fun by themselves, but they`re also little network devices, each having its own address on an I2C network. Here`s where I think BlinkM can really shine since it makes controlling multiple RGB LEDs pretty easy. For Maker Faire, I wanted....
LM4880 is HiFi dual audio amplifier IC from National Semiconductors. This IC is specifically designed to produce high quality audio output with a minimum number of external components. LM4880 is capable of delivering 250mW per channel into an 8 ohm load. The....
This is a circuit of board system monitoring for temperature and voltage condition. It uses the NE1617A. The NE1617A is a 2 channel temperature sensor. It can...
This is a similar circuit to the above and provides a 4 LED bar graph indicating the voltage of a common 3. 6 volt Lithium - Ion recharable cell phone battery. The reference voltage is provided by a TL431 programmable voltage source which is set to 3. 9....
In battery-powered applications, like cell phones, PDAs, digital cameras, etc. , an integrated dc-dc converter circuit solution offers several advantages in terms of cost, size, and design complexity. A critical hurdle in obtaining a fully integrated....
Widely available AA NiMH battery chargers are in the market, even those already in a single package that can be used to charge other battery types such as NiCd, NiCad, and other types. Battery charger in this project is designed for two AA NiMH or NiCd cells....
This is a circuit design for PWM Speed DC Motor Rotation circuit. This circuit has two functions, Forward-Reverse and Regenerative Braking function. This circuit is control by MOSFET. This is the figure of the circuit; On this circuit, we can control the....
This battery charger circuit can be used to charge one or more batteries with the total nominal voltage of 12 V, meaning ten NiCd battery or six 2 V lead a....
Definition appears very much importance in pairs. ecotherm insulation Trigger on october, at thecircuit. Also in pairs of angle, angle a half adder. in the parallel adder switches. Logicconnection diagram from parallel bcd for block diagram. reversible....
The inspiration for the project came after attending the HamRadio 2000, Millenium Ham Meet @ Hyderabad (December 22, 23 & 24) where I met Grand Masters like VU2NR and VU2RM, OM Raju and OM Rao respectively. VU2NR`s newest design the NR-80 inspired me on....
The term amplifier as used in this article can mean either a circuit (or stage) using a single active device or a complete system such as a packaged audio hi-fi amplifier. An electronic amplifier is a device for increasing the power of a signal. It does this....
This is a 25 Watt basic power amp that was designed to be (relatively) easy to build at a reasonable cost. It has better performance than the standard STK module amps that are used in practically every mass market stereo receiver manufactured today....
Presents a family of IF voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) to cover the frequency range from 45MHz to 650MHz. The ICs are in 6-pin SOT23 packages. Phase noise is -100dBc/Hz for the MAX2608 at 300MHz to 500MHz. An off-chip inductor sets the operating....
This circuit is intended for precision centigrade temperature measurement, with a transmitter section converting to frequency the sensor`s output voltage, which is proportional to the measured temperature. The output frequency bursts are conveyed into the....
